Invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non-depressed individuals
We used filtered low spatial frequency images of facial emotional expressions (angry, fearful, happy, sad or neutral faces) that were blended with a high-frequency image of the same face but with a neutral facial expression, so as to obtain a hybrid face image that masked the subjective perception o...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00291/full |
| _version_ | 1819070179944955904 |
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| author | Bruno eLaeng Line eSæther Terje eHolmlund Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson Wang Knut eWaterloo Martin eEisemann Marianne eHalvorsen |
| author_facet | Bruno eLaeng Line eSæther Terje eHolmlund Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson Wang Knut eWaterloo Martin eEisemann Marianne eHalvorsen |
| author_sort | Bruno eLaeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We used filtered low spatial frequency images of facial emotional expressions (angry, fearful, happy, sad or neutral faces) that were blended with a high-frequency image of the same face but with a neutral facial expression, so as to obtain a hybrid face image that masked the subjective perception of its emotional expression. Participants were categorized in three groups of participants: healthy control participants (N= 49), recovered previously depressed (N= 79), and currently depressed individuals (N= 36), All participants were asked to rate how friendly the person in the picture looked. Simultaneously we recorded, by use of an infrared eye-tracker, their pupillary responses. We expected that depressed individuals (either currently or previously depressed) would show a negative bias and therefore rate the negative emotional faces, albeit the emotions being invisible, as more negative (i.e., less friendly) than the healthy controls would. Similarly, we expected that depressed individuals would overreact to the negative emotions and that this would result in greater dilations of the pupil’s diameter than those shown by controls for the same emotions. Although we observed the expected pattern of effects of the hidden emotions on both ratings and pupillary changes, both responses did not differ significantly among the three groups of participants. The implications of this finding are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:01:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-80ad51a710b0465486a694075c6bd71e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T17:01:50Z |
| publishDate | 2013-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-80ad51a710b0465486a694075c6bd71e2022-12-21T18:56:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782013-05-01410.3389/fpsyg.2013.0029148395Invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non-depressed individualsBruno eLaeng0Line eSæther1Terje eHolmlund2Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson Wang3Knut eWaterloo4Martin eEisemann5Marianne eHalvorsen6University of OsloUniversity Hospital of North NorwayUniversity Hospital of North NorwayUniversity of TromsøUniversity of TromsøUniversity of TromsøUniversity Hospital of North NorwayWe used filtered low spatial frequency images of facial emotional expressions (angry, fearful, happy, sad or neutral faces) that were blended with a high-frequency image of the same face but with a neutral facial expression, so as to obtain a hybrid face image that masked the subjective perception of its emotional expression. Participants were categorized in three groups of participants: healthy control participants (N= 49), recovered previously depressed (N= 79), and currently depressed individuals (N= 36), All participants were asked to rate how friendly the person in the picture looked. Simultaneously we recorded, by use of an infrared eye-tracker, their pupillary responses. We expected that depressed individuals (either currently or previously depressed) would show a negative bias and therefore rate the negative emotional faces, albeit the emotions being invisible, as more negative (i.e., less friendly) than the healthy controls would. Similarly, we expected that depressed individuals would overreact to the negative emotions and that this would result in greater dilations of the pupil’s diameter than those shown by controls for the same emotions. Although we observed the expected pattern of effects of the hidden emotions on both ratings and pupillary changes, both responses did not differ significantly among the three groups of participants. The implications of this finding are discussed.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00291/fullDepressionPupillometrysubliminal perceptionFacial emotionsface hybrids |
| spellingShingle | Bruno eLaeng Line eSæther Terje eHolmlund Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson Wang Knut eWaterloo Martin eEisemann Marianne eHalvorsen Invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non-depressed individuals Frontiers in Psychology Depression Pupillometry subliminal perception Facial emotions face hybrids |
| title | Invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non-depressed individuals |
| title_full | Invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non-depressed individuals |
| title_fullStr | Invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non-depressed individuals |
| title_full_unstemmed | Invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non-depressed individuals |
| title_short | Invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non-depressed individuals |
| title_sort | invisible emotional expressions influence social judgments and pupillary responses of both depressed and non depressed individuals |
| topic | Depression Pupillometry subliminal perception Facial emotions face hybrids |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00291/full |
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