HBV/HDV Co-Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Changes, Recent Knowledge and Future Challenges
Several investigations have been published on Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) infection in recent years, from which we have drawn the salient data to provide readers with useful information to improve their knowledge on the subject. HDV genotypes 5–8 have been recently imported to Western countries from...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-02-01
|
| Series: | Life |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/2/169 |
| _version_ | 1827588590165557248 |
|---|---|
| author | Caterina Sagnelli Evangelista Sagnelli Antonio Russo Mariantonietta Pisaturo Laura Occhiello Nicola Coppola |
| author_facet | Caterina Sagnelli Evangelista Sagnelli Antonio Russo Mariantonietta Pisaturo Laura Occhiello Nicola Coppola |
| author_sort | Caterina Sagnelli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Several investigations have been published on Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) infection in recent years, from which we have drawn the salient data to provide readers with useful information to improve their knowledge on the subject. HDV genotypes 5–8 have been recently imported to Western countries from central Africa, whose clinical relevance deserves further investigation. Ongoing HDV replication has been identified as an independent predictor of progression to cirrhosis and HCC for patients with HDV chronic hepatitis (HDV-CH). Long-term treatments of HDV-CH with standard or pegylated interferon alfa (peg-IFN-α) have all been unsatisfactory, leading to a sustained virological response (SVR) only in 20–30% of patients treated, faced with a poor tolerability and frequent serious adverse reactions; the addition of HBV nucleo(s)tide analogues to peg-IFN- α did not improve the rate of SVR. The improved knowledge of the HDV life cycle has allowed the development of direct acting agents towards key-points of the HDV life cycle, namely bulevirtide, lonafarnib and nucleic acid polymers. Preliminary data have shown that these drugs are more effective than interferon-based therapies, but adverse reactions are also common, which however seem toned down in combination therapy with other antivirals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:38:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-80cb1933d3814a85bb095235116a2f59 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:38:34Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-80cb1933d3814a85bb095235116a2f592023-12-11T18:01:12ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292021-02-0111216910.3390/life11020169HBV/HDV Co-Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Changes, Recent Knowledge and Future ChallengesCaterina Sagnelli0Evangelista Sagnelli1Antonio Russo2Mariantonietta Pisaturo3Laura Occhiello4Nicola Coppola5Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80131 Naples, ItalySeveral investigations have been published on Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) infection in recent years, from which we have drawn the salient data to provide readers with useful information to improve their knowledge on the subject. HDV genotypes 5–8 have been recently imported to Western countries from central Africa, whose clinical relevance deserves further investigation. Ongoing HDV replication has been identified as an independent predictor of progression to cirrhosis and HCC for patients with HDV chronic hepatitis (HDV-CH). Long-term treatments of HDV-CH with standard or pegylated interferon alfa (peg-IFN-α) have all been unsatisfactory, leading to a sustained virological response (SVR) only in 20–30% of patients treated, faced with a poor tolerability and frequent serious adverse reactions; the addition of HBV nucleo(s)tide analogues to peg-IFN- α did not improve the rate of SVR. The improved knowledge of the HDV life cycle has allowed the development of direct acting agents towards key-points of the HDV life cycle, namely bulevirtide, lonafarnib and nucleic acid polymers. Preliminary data have shown that these drugs are more effective than interferon-based therapies, but adverse reactions are also common, which however seem toned down in combination therapy with other antivirals.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/2/169HDVhepatitis Depidemiologypathogenesistherapeutics |
| spellingShingle | Caterina Sagnelli Evangelista Sagnelli Antonio Russo Mariantonietta Pisaturo Laura Occhiello Nicola Coppola HBV/HDV Co-Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Changes, Recent Knowledge and Future Challenges Life HDV hepatitis D epidemiology pathogenesis therapeutics |
| title | HBV/HDV Co-Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Changes, Recent Knowledge and Future Challenges |
| title_full | HBV/HDV Co-Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Changes, Recent Knowledge and Future Challenges |
| title_fullStr | HBV/HDV Co-Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Changes, Recent Knowledge and Future Challenges |
| title_full_unstemmed | HBV/HDV Co-Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Changes, Recent Knowledge and Future Challenges |
| title_short | HBV/HDV Co-Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Changes, Recent Knowledge and Future Challenges |
| title_sort | hbv hdv co infection epidemiological and clinical changes recent knowledge and future challenges |
| topic | HDV hepatitis D epidemiology pathogenesis therapeutics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/2/169 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT caterinasagnelli hbvhdvcoinfectionepidemiologicalandclinicalchangesrecentknowledgeandfuturechallenges AT evangelistasagnelli hbvhdvcoinfectionepidemiologicalandclinicalchangesrecentknowledgeandfuturechallenges AT antoniorusso hbvhdvcoinfectionepidemiologicalandclinicalchangesrecentknowledgeandfuturechallenges AT mariantoniettapisaturo hbvhdvcoinfectionepidemiologicalandclinicalchangesrecentknowledgeandfuturechallenges AT lauraocchiello hbvhdvcoinfectionepidemiologicalandclinicalchangesrecentknowledgeandfuturechallenges AT nicolacoppola hbvhdvcoinfectionepidemiologicalandclinicalchangesrecentknowledgeandfuturechallenges |