Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study
Adequate nutrition is necessary during childhood and early adolescence for adequate growth and development. Hence, the objective of the study was to assess the association between dietary intake and blood levels of minerals (calcium, iron, zinc, and selenium) and vitamins (folate, vitamin B12, vitam...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679023000836/type/journal_article |
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| author | Shally Awasthi Divas Kumar Swati Dixit Abbas Ali Mahdi Barkha Gupta Girdhar G. Agarwal Anuj Kumar Pandey Avivar Awasthi Somashekar A. R. Mushtaq A. Bhat Sonali Kar B. N. Mahanta Joseph L. Mathew Suma Nair C. M. Singh Kuldeep Singh Anish Thekkumkara Surendran |
| author_facet | Shally Awasthi Divas Kumar Swati Dixit Abbas Ali Mahdi Barkha Gupta Girdhar G. Agarwal Anuj Kumar Pandey Avivar Awasthi Somashekar A. R. Mushtaq A. Bhat Sonali Kar B. N. Mahanta Joseph L. Mathew Suma Nair C. M. Singh Kuldeep Singh Anish Thekkumkara Surendran |
| author_sort | Shally Awasthi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adequate nutrition is necessary during childhood and early adolescence for adequate growth and development. Hence, the objective of the study was to assess the association between dietary intake and blood levels of minerals (calcium, iron, zinc, and selenium) and vitamins (folate, vitamin B12, vitamin A, and vitamin D) in urban school going children aged 6–16 years in India, in a multicentric cross-sectional study. Participants were enrolled from randomly selected schools in ten cities. Three-day food intake data was collected using a 24-h dietary recall method. The intake was dichotomised into adequate and inadequate. Blood samples were collected to assess levels of micronutrients. From April 2019 to February 2020, 2428 participants (50⋅2 % females) were recruited from 60 schools. Inadequate intake for calcium was in 93⋅4 % (246⋅5 ± 149⋅4 mg), iron 86⋅5 % (7⋅6 ± 3⋅0 mg), zinc 84⋅0 % (3⋅9 ± 2⋅4 mg), selenium 30⋅2 % (11⋅3 ± 9⋅7 mcg), folate 73⋅8 % (93⋅6 ± 55⋅4 mcg), vitamin B12 94⋅4 % (0⋅2 ± 0⋅4 mcg), vitamin A 96⋅0 % (101⋅7 ± 94⋅1 mcg), and vitamin D 100⋅0 % (0⋅4 ± 0⋅6 mcg). Controlling for sex and socioeconomic status, the odds of biochemical deficiency with inadequate intake for iron [AOR = 1⋅37 (95 % CI 1⋅07–1⋅76)], zinc [AOR = 5⋅14 (95 % CI 2⋅24–11⋅78)], selenium [AOR = 3⋅63 (95 % CI 2⋅70–4⋅89)], folate [AOR = 1⋅59 (95 % CI 1⋅25–2⋅03)], and vitamin B12 [AOR = 1⋅62 (95 %CI 1⋅07–2⋅45)]. Since there is a significant association between the inadequate intake and biochemical deficiencies of iron, zinc, selenium, folate, and vitamin B12, regular surveillance for adequacy of micronutrient intake must be undertaken to identify children at risk of deficiency, for timely intervention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T20:31:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-80de84e9dbfd403f865591f6aefa4c18 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2048-6790 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T20:31:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
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| series | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-80de84e9dbfd403f865591f6aefa4c182023-10-02T08:40:48ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902023-01-011210.1017/jns.2023.83Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional studyShally Awasthi0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1254-9802Divas Kumar1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4522-728XSwati Dixit2Abbas Ali Mahdi3Barkha Gupta4Girdhar G. Agarwal5Anuj Kumar Pandey6Avivar Awasthi7Somashekar A. R.8Mushtaq A. Bhat9Sonali Kar10B. N. Mahanta11Joseph L. Mathew12Suma Nair13C. M. Singh14Kuldeep Singh15Anish Thekkumkara Surendran16Department of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaLead-Nutritional Claims & Medical Affairs (Global HFD), HUL R&D Centre, Gurgaon, IndiaDepartment of Statistics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Pediatrics, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Endocrinology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Pediatrics, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Pediatrics, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, IndiaDepartment of Community Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, IndiaDepartment of Medicine, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam, IndiaDepartment of Pediatric Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Chandigarh, IndiaDepartment of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, IndiaDepartment of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, IndiaDepartment of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, IndiaDepartment of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IndiaAdequate nutrition is necessary during childhood and early adolescence for adequate growth and development. Hence, the objective of the study was to assess the association between dietary intake and blood levels of minerals (calcium, iron, zinc, and selenium) and vitamins (folate, vitamin B12, vitamin A, and vitamin D) in urban school going children aged 6–16 years in India, in a multicentric cross-sectional study. Participants were enrolled from randomly selected schools in ten cities. Three-day food intake data was collected using a 24-h dietary recall method. The intake was dichotomised into adequate and inadequate. Blood samples were collected to assess levels of micronutrients. From April 2019 to February 2020, 2428 participants (50⋅2 % females) were recruited from 60 schools. Inadequate intake for calcium was in 93⋅4 % (246⋅5 ± 149⋅4 mg), iron 86⋅5 % (7⋅6 ± 3⋅0 mg), zinc 84⋅0 % (3⋅9 ± 2⋅4 mg), selenium 30⋅2 % (11⋅3 ± 9⋅7 mcg), folate 73⋅8 % (93⋅6 ± 55⋅4 mcg), vitamin B12 94⋅4 % (0⋅2 ± 0⋅4 mcg), vitamin A 96⋅0 % (101⋅7 ± 94⋅1 mcg), and vitamin D 100⋅0 % (0⋅4 ± 0⋅6 mcg). Controlling for sex and socioeconomic status, the odds of biochemical deficiency with inadequate intake for iron [AOR = 1⋅37 (95 % CI 1⋅07–1⋅76)], zinc [AOR = 5⋅14 (95 % CI 2⋅24–11⋅78)], selenium [AOR = 3⋅63 (95 % CI 2⋅70–4⋅89)], folate [AOR = 1⋅59 (95 % CI 1⋅25–2⋅03)], and vitamin B12 [AOR = 1⋅62 (95 %CI 1⋅07–2⋅45)]. Since there is a significant association between the inadequate intake and biochemical deficiencies of iron, zinc, selenium, folate, and vitamin B12, regular surveillance for adequacy of micronutrient intake must be undertaken to identify children at risk of deficiency, for timely intervention.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679023000836/type/journal_articleChildhood and adolescenceDeficienciesDietary intakeIndiaMicronutrientsSchool age children |
| spellingShingle | Shally Awasthi Divas Kumar Swati Dixit Abbas Ali Mahdi Barkha Gupta Girdhar G. Agarwal Anuj Kumar Pandey Avivar Awasthi Somashekar A. R. Mushtaq A. Bhat Sonali Kar B. N. Mahanta Joseph L. Mathew Suma Nair C. M. Singh Kuldeep Singh Anish Thekkumkara Surendran Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study Journal of Nutritional Science Childhood and adolescence Deficiencies Dietary intake India Micronutrients School age children |
| title | Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in Indian school children: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | association of dietary intake with micronutrient deficiency in indian school children a cross sectional study |
| topic | Childhood and adolescence Deficiencies Dietary intake India Micronutrients School age children |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679023000836/type/journal_article |
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