| Summary: | This article tries to deconstruct the concept of development, national identity and poverty through the analysis of the project Mundo Maya. The key concept to dismantle those connections is the figure of the "indígena". Being unable to participate as neoliberal actor as part of the "poors", – although the development policies seem to propose solutions in order to fix this – the "indígena" is stuck in his function as "cultural heir of the former great civilizations". Therefore, it is necessary to develop new concepts and agendas, in order to construct a national identity and integrate the individuals into society. This is important because culture and national identity become a dispositiv, which governs the corresponding actors. Thus, the "indígena" is caught in between the impossibility to participate in the neoliberal system (like most of the "poor") and the duty to preserve the cultural legacy.
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