Antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in Tehran, Iran
Background and Objectives: Dermatophytes possess a wide array of virulence factors and various antifungal susceptibility patterns which influence their pathogenesis in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate antifungal suscep- tibility and keratinase and proteinase activity of 49 d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Tehran University of Medical Sciences
2016-03-01
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| Series: | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/744 |
| _version_ | 1818383733267365888 |
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| author | Mohammad Ali Afshari Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh |
| author_facet | Mohammad Ali Afshari Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh |
| author_sort | Mohammad Ali Afshari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and Objectives: Dermatophytes possess a wide array of virulence factors and various antifungal susceptibility patterns which influence their pathogenesis in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate antifungal suscep- tibility and keratinase and proteinase activity of 49 dermatophyte strains from the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton which were isolated from human cases of dermatophytosis.
Materials and Methods: Forty-nine dermatophyte strains isolated from clinical samples were cultured on general and spe- cific culture media. Keratinase and proteinase activity was screened on solid mineral media and confirmed in liquid cultures. Drug susceptibility toward azoles (fluconazole, ketoconazole and itraconazole), griseofulvin and terbinafine was evaluated using disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using microbroth dilution assay according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results: Our results indicated that clinically isolated dermatophytes from 7 major species produced keratinase and protein- ase at different extents. The mean keratinase and proteinase activity was reported as 6.69 ± 0.31 (U/ml) and 2.10 ± 0.22 (U/ ml) respectively. Disk diffusion and microbroth dilution (MIC) results of antifungal susceptibility testing showed that ke- toconazole was the most effective drug against Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, itraconazole against T. rubrum and E. floccosum, and griseofulvin and terbinafine against Trichophyton verrucosum. Our results showed that all dermatophyte isolates were resistant to fluconazole. Overall, ketoconazole and itraconazole were the most effective drugs for all dermatophyte species tested.
Conclusion: Our results showed that antifungal susceptibility testing is an urgent need to select drugs of choice for treatment of different types of dermatophytosis and further indicated the importance of keratinase and proteinase in pathogenesis of dermatophyte species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:11:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-80f016877abf456dbb37348c36f55f29 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2008-3289 2008-4447 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:11:03Z |
| publishDate | 2016-03-01 |
| publisher | Tehran University of Medical Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Iranian Journal of Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-80f016877abf456dbb37348c36f55f292022-12-21T23:19:16ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Microbiology2008-32892008-44472016-03-0181Antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in Tehran, IranMohammad Ali Afshari0Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi1Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh2Department of Mycology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-331 Tehran, Iran.Department of Mycology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-331 Tehran, Iran.Department of Mycology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 13164 Tehran, Iran AND Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 13164 Tehran, Iran.Background and Objectives: Dermatophytes possess a wide array of virulence factors and various antifungal susceptibility patterns which influence their pathogenesis in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate antifungal suscep- tibility and keratinase and proteinase activity of 49 dermatophyte strains from the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton which were isolated from human cases of dermatophytosis. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine dermatophyte strains isolated from clinical samples were cultured on general and spe- cific culture media. Keratinase and proteinase activity was screened on solid mineral media and confirmed in liquid cultures. Drug susceptibility toward azoles (fluconazole, ketoconazole and itraconazole), griseofulvin and terbinafine was evaluated using disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using microbroth dilution assay according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Our results indicated that clinically isolated dermatophytes from 7 major species produced keratinase and protein- ase at different extents. The mean keratinase and proteinase activity was reported as 6.69 ± 0.31 (U/ml) and 2.10 ± 0.22 (U/ ml) respectively. Disk diffusion and microbroth dilution (MIC) results of antifungal susceptibility testing showed that ke- toconazole was the most effective drug against Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, itraconazole against T. rubrum and E. floccosum, and griseofulvin and terbinafine against Trichophyton verrucosum. Our results showed that all dermatophyte isolates were resistant to fluconazole. Overall, ketoconazole and itraconazole were the most effective drugs for all dermatophyte species tested. Conclusion: Our results showed that antifungal susceptibility testing is an urgent need to select drugs of choice for treatment of different types of dermatophytosis and further indicated the importance of keratinase and proteinase in pathogenesis of dermatophyte species.https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/744DermatophytesAntifungal susceptibility testingKeratinase activityProteinase activityVirulence factors |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Ali Afshari Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh Antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in Tehran, Iran Iranian Journal of Microbiology Dermatophytes Antifungal susceptibility testing Keratinase activity Proteinase activity Virulence factors |
| title | Antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in Tehran, Iran |
| title_full | Antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in Tehran, Iran |
| title_fullStr | Antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in Tehran, Iran |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in Tehran, Iran |
| title_short | Antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in Tehran, Iran |
| title_sort | antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of clinically isolated dermatophytes in tehran iran |
| topic | Dermatophytes Antifungal susceptibility testing Keratinase activity Proteinase activity Virulence factors |
| url | https://ijm.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijm/article/view/744 |
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