In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations of tocotrienol-rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing.
Proper wound healing is vital for the survival of higher organisms. Responses to skin injury can lead to complications such as scar formation that can affect the quality of life. In this study, keratinocytes migration (scratch assay) and zebrafish tail regeneration experiments were used to evaluate...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2022-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267381 |
| _version_ | 1811290407296827392 |
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| author | Wai Ting Chong Chin Ping Tan Yoke Kqueen Cheah Oi Ming Lai |
| author_facet | Wai Ting Chong Chin Ping Tan Yoke Kqueen Cheah Oi Ming Lai |
| author_sort | Wai Ting Chong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Proper wound healing is vital for the survival of higher organisms. Responses to skin injury can lead to complications such as scar formation that can affect the quality of life. In this study, keratinocytes migration (scratch assay) and zebrafish tail regeneration experiments were used to evaluate the wound healing effect of a tocotrienol-based nanoemulsified (NE) system against ascorbic acid and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as positive and negative controls, respectively. MTT assay provided a concentration range of 0.35-8.75 μg/ml of nanoemulsion that produced cell viability more than 100%. After 24 hours of treatment, the wound closure of keratinocytes were found to be significantly faster by 73.76%, 63.37% and 35.56%, respectively when treated with 3.50 μg/ml and 1.75 μg/ml of NE compared to the blank. The lethal concentration at 50% (LC50 value) obtained from acute and prolonged toxicity was almost similar, which was 4.6 mg/ml and 5.0 mg/ml, respectively. Growth of zebrafish tail regeneration treated with NE at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml was significantly faster than the untreated zebrafish, which regenerated to 40% on the fifth day, more than 60% on the tenth day of treatment and fully recovered at the twentieth day. In conclusion, these results showed the potential of the tocotrienols-based nanoemulsified system in enhancing wound healing through accelerated wound closure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:12:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-810961fb27b84afca105bc68e427c3e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T04:12:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-810961fb27b84afca105bc68e427c3e62022-12-22T03:03:04ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032022-01-01175e026738110.1371/journal.pone.0267381In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations of tocotrienol-rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing.Wai Ting ChongChin Ping TanYoke Kqueen CheahOi Ming LaiProper wound healing is vital for the survival of higher organisms. Responses to skin injury can lead to complications such as scar formation that can affect the quality of life. In this study, keratinocytes migration (scratch assay) and zebrafish tail regeneration experiments were used to evaluate the wound healing effect of a tocotrienol-based nanoemulsified (NE) system against ascorbic acid and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as positive and negative controls, respectively. MTT assay provided a concentration range of 0.35-8.75 μg/ml of nanoemulsion that produced cell viability more than 100%. After 24 hours of treatment, the wound closure of keratinocytes were found to be significantly faster by 73.76%, 63.37% and 35.56%, respectively when treated with 3.50 μg/ml and 1.75 μg/ml of NE compared to the blank. The lethal concentration at 50% (LC50 value) obtained from acute and prolonged toxicity was almost similar, which was 4.6 mg/ml and 5.0 mg/ml, respectively. Growth of zebrafish tail regeneration treated with NE at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml was significantly faster than the untreated zebrafish, which regenerated to 40% on the fifth day, more than 60% on the tenth day of treatment and fully recovered at the twentieth day. In conclusion, these results showed the potential of the tocotrienols-based nanoemulsified system in enhancing wound healing through accelerated wound closure.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267381 |
| spellingShingle | Wai Ting Chong Chin Ping Tan Yoke Kqueen Cheah Oi Ming Lai In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations of tocotrienol-rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing. PLoS ONE |
| title | In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations of tocotrienol-rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing. |
| title_full | In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations of tocotrienol-rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing. |
| title_fullStr | In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations of tocotrienol-rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing. |
| title_full_unstemmed | In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations of tocotrienol-rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing. |
| title_short | In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations of tocotrienol-rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing. |
| title_sort | in vitro and in vivo evaluations of tocotrienol rich nanoemulsified system on skin wound healing |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267381 |
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