Imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stress
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The protein secretory pathway must process a wide assortment of native proteins for eukaryotic cells to function. As well, recombinant protein secretion is used extensively to produce many biologics and industrial enzymes. Therefore,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2012-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Biology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/10/16 |
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| author | Tyo Keith EJ Liu Zihe Petranovic Dina Nielsen Jens |
| author_facet | Tyo Keith EJ Liu Zihe Petranovic Dina Nielsen Jens |
| author_sort | Tyo Keith EJ |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The protein secretory pathway must process a wide assortment of native proteins for eukaryotic cells to function. As well, recombinant protein secretion is used extensively to produce many biologics and industrial enzymes. Therefore, secretory pathway dysfunction can be highly detrimental to the cell and can drastically inhibit product titers in biochemical production. Because the secretory pathway is a highly-integrated, multi-organelle system, dysfunction can happen at many levels and dissecting the root cause can be challenging. In this study, we apply a systems biology approach to analyze secretory pathway dysfunctions resulting from heterologous production of a small protein (insulin precursor) or a larger protein (α-amylase).</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>HAC1</it>-dependent and independent dysfunctions and cellular responses were apparent across multiple datasets. In particular, processes involving (a) degradation of protein/recycling amino acids, (b) overall transcription/translation repression, and (c) oxidative stress were broadly associated with secretory stress.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Apparent runaway oxidative stress due to radical production observed here and elsewhere can be explained by a futile cycle of disulfide formation and breaking that consumes reduced glutathione and produces reactive oxygen species. The futile cycle is dominating when protein folding rates are low relative to disulfide bond formation rates. While not strictly conclusive with the present data, this insight does provide a molecular interpretation to an, until now, largely empirical understanding of optimizing heterologous protein secretion. This molecular insight has direct implications on engineering a broad range of recombinant proteins for secretion and provides potential hypotheses for the root causes of several secretory-associated diseases.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T07:32:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8115de9247aa4750b6170ca4a371e86c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1741-7007 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T07:32:47Z |
| publishDate | 2012-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-8115de9247aa4750b6170ca4a371e86c2022-12-22T01:57:31ZengBMCBMC Biology1741-70072012-03-011011610.1186/1741-7007-10-16Imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stressTyo Keith EJLiu ZihePetranovic DinaNielsen Jens<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The protein secretory pathway must process a wide assortment of native proteins for eukaryotic cells to function. As well, recombinant protein secretion is used extensively to produce many biologics and industrial enzymes. Therefore, secretory pathway dysfunction can be highly detrimental to the cell and can drastically inhibit product titers in biochemical production. Because the secretory pathway is a highly-integrated, multi-organelle system, dysfunction can happen at many levels and dissecting the root cause can be challenging. In this study, we apply a systems biology approach to analyze secretory pathway dysfunctions resulting from heterologous production of a small protein (insulin precursor) or a larger protein (α-amylase).</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>HAC1</it>-dependent and independent dysfunctions and cellular responses were apparent across multiple datasets. In particular, processes involving (a) degradation of protein/recycling amino acids, (b) overall transcription/translation repression, and (c) oxidative stress were broadly associated with secretory stress.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Apparent runaway oxidative stress due to radical production observed here and elsewhere can be explained by a futile cycle of disulfide formation and breaking that consumes reduced glutathione and produces reactive oxygen species. The futile cycle is dominating when protein folding rates are low relative to disulfide bond formation rates. While not strictly conclusive with the present data, this insight does provide a molecular interpretation to an, until now, largely empirical understanding of optimizing heterologous protein secretion. This molecular insight has direct implications on engineering a broad range of recombinant proteins for secretion and provides potential hypotheses for the root causes of several secretory-associated diseases.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/10/16Protein secretionunfolded protein response<it>HAC1</it>protein productionoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Tyo Keith EJ Liu Zihe Petranovic Dina Nielsen Jens Imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stress BMC Biology Protein secretion unfolded protein response <it>HAC1</it> protein production oxidative stress |
| title | Imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stress |
| title_full | Imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stress |
| title_fullStr | Imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stress |
| title_short | Imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stress |
| title_sort | imbalance of heterologous protein folding and disulfide bond formation rates yields runaway oxidative stress |
| topic | Protein secretion unfolded protein response <it>HAC1</it> protein production oxidative stress |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/10/16 |
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