Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded Conductors
The cladded conductor is broadly utilized in engineering fields, such as aerospace, energy, and petrochemical; however, it is vulnerable to thickness loss occurring in the clad layer and nonconductive protection coating due to abrasive and corrosive environments. Such a flaw severely undermines the...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4102 |
| _version_ | 1811303632919855104 |
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| author | Yong Li Yi Wang Zhengshuai Liu Ilham Mukriz Zainal Abidin Zhenmao Chen |
| author_facet | Yong Li Yi Wang Zhengshuai Liu Ilham Mukriz Zainal Abidin Zhenmao Chen |
| author_sort | Yong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cladded conductor is broadly utilized in engineering fields, such as aerospace, energy, and petrochemical; however, it is vulnerable to thickness loss occurring in the clad layer and nonconductive protection coating due to abrasive and corrosive environments. Such a flaw severely undermines the integrity and safety of the mechanical structures. Therefore, evaluating the thickness loss hidden inside cladded conductors via reliable nondestructive evaluation techniques is imperative. This paper intensively investigates the pulse-modulation eddy current technique (PMEC) for the assessment of thickness loss in a cladded conductor. An analytical model of the ferrite-cored probe is established for analyzing PMEC signals and characteristics of lift-off intersection (LOI) in testing signals. Experiments are conducted for evaluation of the thickness loss in cladded conductors. An inverse scheme based on LOI for estimation of the thickness-loss depth is proposed and further verified. Through simulations and experiments, it is found that the influences of the thickness loss in the clad layer and protective coating on the PMEC signals can be decoupled in virtue of the LOI characteristics. Based on LOI, the hidden thickness loss can be efficiently evaluated without much of a reduction in accuracy by using the PMEC probe for dedicated inspection of the cladded conductor. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:51:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8117cc6082af41e6a38972c62284d72e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:51:16Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-8117cc6082af41e6a38972c62284d72e2022-12-22T02:55:32ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-09-011919410210.3390/s19194102s19194102Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded ConductorsYong Li0Yi Wang1Zhengshuai Liu2Ilham Mukriz Zainal Abidin3Zhenmao Chen4State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of NDT and Structural Integrity Evaluation, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of NDT and Structural Integrity Evaluation, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of NDT and Structural Integrity Evaluation, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaLeading Edge NDT Technology (LENDT) Group, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Bangi 43000, Kajang, Selangor, MalaysiaState Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre of NDT and Structural Integrity Evaluation, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaThe cladded conductor is broadly utilized in engineering fields, such as aerospace, energy, and petrochemical; however, it is vulnerable to thickness loss occurring in the clad layer and nonconductive protection coating due to abrasive and corrosive environments. Such a flaw severely undermines the integrity and safety of the mechanical structures. Therefore, evaluating the thickness loss hidden inside cladded conductors via reliable nondestructive evaluation techniques is imperative. This paper intensively investigates the pulse-modulation eddy current technique (PMEC) for the assessment of thickness loss in a cladded conductor. An analytical model of the ferrite-cored probe is established for analyzing PMEC signals and characteristics of lift-off intersection (LOI) in testing signals. Experiments are conducted for evaluation of the thickness loss in cladded conductors. An inverse scheme based on LOI for estimation of the thickness-loss depth is proposed and further verified. Through simulations and experiments, it is found that the influences of the thickness loss in the clad layer and protective coating on the PMEC signals can be decoupled in virtue of the LOI characteristics. Based on LOI, the hidden thickness loss can be efficiently evaluated without much of a reduction in accuracy by using the PMEC probe for dedicated inspection of the cladded conductor.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4102pulse-modulation eddy current inspectionlift-off intersectioncladded conductorthickness lossanalytical modeling |
| spellingShingle | Yong Li Yi Wang Zhengshuai Liu Ilham Mukriz Zainal Abidin Zhenmao Chen Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded Conductors Sensors pulse-modulation eddy current inspection lift-off intersection cladded conductor thickness loss analytical modeling |
| title | Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded Conductors |
| title_full | Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded Conductors |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded Conductors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded Conductors |
| title_short | Characteristics Regarding Lift-Off Intersection of Pulse-Modulation Eddy Current Signals for Evaluation of Hidden Thickness Loss in Cladded Conductors |
| title_sort | characteristics regarding lift off intersection of pulse modulation eddy current signals for evaluation of hidden thickness loss in cladded conductors |
| topic | pulse-modulation eddy current inspection lift-off intersection cladded conductor thickness loss analytical modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/19/4102 |
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