Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh.
Avian influenza virus (AIV) is of major concern to livestock, wildlife, and human health. In many countries in the world, including Bangladesh, AIV is endemic in poultry, requiring improving biosecurity. In Bangladesh, we investigated how variation in biosecurity practices in commercial chicken farm...
| Үндсэн зохиолчид: | , , , , |
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| Формат: | Өгүүллэг |
| Хэл сонгох: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-06-01
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| Цуврал: | One Health |
| Нөхцлүүд: | |
| Онлайн хандалт: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771424000077 |
| _version_ | 1827223038603558912 |
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| author | Ariful Islam Mohammed Ziaur Rahman Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan Jonathan H. Epstein Marcel Klaassen |
| author_facet | Ariful Islam Mohammed Ziaur Rahman Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan Jonathan H. Epstein Marcel Klaassen |
| author_sort | Ariful Islam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Avian influenza virus (AIV) is of major concern to livestock, wildlife, and human health. In many countries in the world, including Bangladesh, AIV is endemic in poultry, requiring improving biosecurity. In Bangladesh, we investigated how variation in biosecurity practices in commercial chicken farms affected their AIV infection status to help guide AIV mitigation strategies. We collected pooled fecal swabs from 225 farms and tested the samples for the AIV matrix gene followed by H5, H7, and H9 subtyping using rRT-PCR. We found that 39.6% of chicken farms were AIV positive, with 13% and 14% being positive for subtypes H5 and H9, respectively. Using a generalized linear mixed effects model, we identified as many as 12 significant AIV risk factors. Two major factors promoting AIV risk that cannot be easily addressed in the short term were farm size and the proximity of the farm to a live bird market. However, the other ten significant determinants of AIV risk can be more readily addressed, of which the most important ones were limiting access by visitors (reducing predicted AIV risk from 42 to 6%), isolation and treatment of sick birds (42 to 7%), prohibiting access of vehicles to poultry sheds (38 to 8%), improving hand hygiene (from 42 to 9%), not sharing farm workers across farms (37 to 8%), and limiting access by wild birds to poultry sheds (37 to 8%). Our findings can be applied to developing practical and cost-effective measures that significantly decrease the prevalence of AIV in chicken farms. Notably, in settings with limited resources, such as Bangladesh, these measures can help governments strengthen biosecurity practices in their poultry industry to limit and possibly prevent the spread of AIV. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T09:41:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-811beba568c1462886fb4a11eefc8e4d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-7714 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-21T16:48:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | One Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-811beba568c1462886fb4a11eefc8e4d2024-06-16T05:45:25ZengElsevierOne Health2352-77142024-06-0118100681Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh.Ariful Islam0Mohammed Ziaur Rahman1Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan2Jonathan H. Epstein3Marcel Klaassen4Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY 10018, USA; Corresponding author at: EcoHealth Alliance, USA.One Health Laboratory, International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), BangladeshQueensland Alliance for One Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram 4225, BangladeshEcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY 10018, USACentre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, AustraliaAvian influenza virus (AIV) is of major concern to livestock, wildlife, and human health. In many countries in the world, including Bangladesh, AIV is endemic in poultry, requiring improving biosecurity. In Bangladesh, we investigated how variation in biosecurity practices in commercial chicken farms affected their AIV infection status to help guide AIV mitigation strategies. We collected pooled fecal swabs from 225 farms and tested the samples for the AIV matrix gene followed by H5, H7, and H9 subtyping using rRT-PCR. We found that 39.6% of chicken farms were AIV positive, with 13% and 14% being positive for subtypes H5 and H9, respectively. Using a generalized linear mixed effects model, we identified as many as 12 significant AIV risk factors. Two major factors promoting AIV risk that cannot be easily addressed in the short term were farm size and the proximity of the farm to a live bird market. However, the other ten significant determinants of AIV risk can be more readily addressed, of which the most important ones were limiting access by visitors (reducing predicted AIV risk from 42 to 6%), isolation and treatment of sick birds (42 to 7%), prohibiting access of vehicles to poultry sheds (38 to 8%), improving hand hygiene (from 42 to 9%), not sharing farm workers across farms (37 to 8%), and limiting access by wild birds to poultry sheds (37 to 8%). Our findings can be applied to developing practical and cost-effective measures that significantly decrease the prevalence of AIV in chicken farms. Notably, in settings with limited resources, such as Bangladesh, these measures can help governments strengthen biosecurity practices in their poultry industry to limit and possibly prevent the spread of AIV.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771424000077HPAIH5N1H9N2EconomicZoonoticSpillover |
| spellingShingle | Ariful Islam Mohammed Ziaur Rahman Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan Jonathan H. Epstein Marcel Klaassen Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh. One Health HPAI H5N1 H9N2 Economic Zoonotic Spillover |
| title | Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh. |
| title_full | Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh. |
| title_fullStr | Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh. |
| title_short | Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh. |
| title_sort | farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in bangladesh |
| topic | HPAI H5N1 H9N2 Economic Zoonotic Spillover |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352771424000077 |
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