Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors
In the past, technological issues limited research focused on ski jump landing. Today, thanks to the development of wearable sensors, it is possible to analyze the biomechanics of athletes without interfering with their movements. The aims of this study were twofold. Firstly, the quantification of t...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-04-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/9/2011 |
| _version_ | 1798027064331206656 |
|---|---|
| author | Veronica Bessone Johannes Petrat Ansgar Schwirtz |
| author_facet | Veronica Bessone Johannes Petrat Ansgar Schwirtz |
| author_sort | Veronica Bessone |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the past, technological issues limited research focused on ski jump landing. Today, thanks to the development of wearable sensors, it is possible to analyze the biomechanics of athletes without interfering with their movements. The aims of this study were twofold. Firstly, the quantification of the kinetic magnitude during landing is performed using wireless force insoles while 22 athletes jumped during summer training on the hill. In the second part, the insoles were combined with inertial motion units (IMUs) to determine the possible correlation between kinematics and kinetics during landing. The maximal normal ground reaction force (GRF<sub>max</sub>) ranged between 1.1 and 5.3 body weight per foot independently when landing using the telemark or parallel leg technique. The GRF<sub>max</sub> and impulse were correlated with flying time (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The hip flexions/extensions and the knee and hip rotations of the telemark front leg correlated with GRF<sub>max</sub> (<i>r</i> = 0.689, <i>p</i> = 0.040; <i>r</i> = −0.670, <i>p</i> = 0.048; <i>r</i> = 0.820, <i>p</i> = 0.007; respectively). The force insoles and their combination with IMUs resulted in promising setups to analyze landing biomechanics and to provide in-field feedback to the athletes, being quick to place and light, without limiting movement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:45:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8128be3e92cb4ec0807a7bac9a755f37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:45:18Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-8128be3e92cb4ec0807a7bac9a755f372022-12-22T04:08:49ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-04-01199201110.3390/s19092011s19092011Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable SensorsVeronica Bessone0Johannes Petrat1Ansgar Schwirtz2Department of Biomechanics in Sports, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Biomechanics in Sports, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, GermanyDepartment of Biomechanics in Sports, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, GermanyIn the past, technological issues limited research focused on ski jump landing. Today, thanks to the development of wearable sensors, it is possible to analyze the biomechanics of athletes without interfering with their movements. The aims of this study were twofold. Firstly, the quantification of the kinetic magnitude during landing is performed using wireless force insoles while 22 athletes jumped during summer training on the hill. In the second part, the insoles were combined with inertial motion units (IMUs) to determine the possible correlation between kinematics and kinetics during landing. The maximal normal ground reaction force (GRF<sub>max</sub>) ranged between 1.1 and 5.3 body weight per foot independently when landing using the telemark or parallel leg technique. The GRF<sub>max</sub> and impulse were correlated with flying time (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The hip flexions/extensions and the knee and hip rotations of the telemark front leg correlated with GRF<sub>max</sub> (<i>r</i> = 0.689, <i>p</i> = 0.040; <i>r</i> = −0.670, <i>p</i> = 0.048; <i>r</i> = 0.820, <i>p</i> = 0.007; respectively). The force insoles and their combination with IMUs resulted in promising setups to analyze landing biomechanics and to provide in-field feedback to the athletes, being quick to place and light, without limiting movement.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/9/2011landinginjury preventionkinematicskineticsperformancewinter sportforce insolesinertial sensorsimpact |
| spellingShingle | Veronica Bessone Johannes Petrat Ansgar Schwirtz Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors Sensors landing injury prevention kinematics kinetics performance winter sport force insoles inertial sensors impact |
| title | Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors |
| title_full | Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors |
| title_fullStr | Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors |
| title_short | Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors |
| title_sort | ground reaction forces and kinematics of ski jump landing using wearable sensors |
| topic | landing injury prevention kinematics kinetics performance winter sport force insoles inertial sensors impact |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/9/2011 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT veronicabessone groundreactionforcesandkinematicsofskijumplandingusingwearablesensors AT johannespetrat groundreactionforcesandkinematicsofskijumplandingusingwearablesensors AT ansgarschwirtz groundreactionforcesandkinematicsofskijumplandingusingwearablesensors |