A Thermodynamic Analysis of Heavy Hydrocarbons Reforming for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application as a Part of Hybrid Energy Systems
A thermodynamical analysis of steam reforming of Associated Petroleum Gas (APG) was conducted in the presented research. The reforming process of heavy hydrocarbons for small scale power generation is a complex issue. One of the main issues is that a set of undesired chemical reactions deposit solid...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/2/337 |
| _version_ | 1797414048798605312 |
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| author | Robert Kaczmarczyk Sebastian Gurgul |
| author_facet | Robert Kaczmarczyk Sebastian Gurgul |
| author_sort | Robert Kaczmarczyk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A thermodynamical analysis of steam reforming of Associated Petroleum Gas (APG) was conducted in the presented research. The reforming process of heavy hydrocarbons for small scale power generation is a complex issue. One of the main issues is that a set of undesired chemical reactions deposit solid carbon and, consequently, block the reactor’s catalytic property. The experimental investigation is crucial to design an APG reforming reactor. However, a numerical simulation is a key tool to design a safe operating condition. Designing the next generation of reactors requires a complex coupling of mathematical models, kinetics, and thermodynamic analysis. In practice, the thermodynamic analysis should be applied in each control volume to assure realistic results. This is not easy to apply in practice since both thermodynamic analysis and CFD modeling can be time-consuming. In this paper, the authors suggest using a mathematical formalism called Parametric Equation Formalism to calculate the equilibrium composition. The novelty lies in the mathematical approach in which any complex system at equilibrium can be reduced to the problem of solving one non-linear equation at a time. This approach allows implementing a thermodynamic analysis easily into CFD models to assure the reasonability of obtained results and can be used for research and development of solid oxide fuel cells as a part of hybrid energy systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:27:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-812ded0d90b44033a92fb30a53b367bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:27:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-812ded0d90b44033a92fb30a53b367bc2023-12-03T12:35:31ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-01-0114233710.3390/en14020337A Thermodynamic Analysis of Heavy Hydrocarbons Reforming for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application as a Part of Hybrid Energy SystemsRobert Kaczmarczyk0Sebastian Gurgul1Department of Fundamental Research in Energy Engineering, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Fundamental Research in Energy Engineering, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandA thermodynamical analysis of steam reforming of Associated Petroleum Gas (APG) was conducted in the presented research. The reforming process of heavy hydrocarbons for small scale power generation is a complex issue. One of the main issues is that a set of undesired chemical reactions deposit solid carbon and, consequently, block the reactor’s catalytic property. The experimental investigation is crucial to design an APG reforming reactor. However, a numerical simulation is a key tool to design a safe operating condition. Designing the next generation of reactors requires a complex coupling of mathematical models, kinetics, and thermodynamic analysis. In practice, the thermodynamic analysis should be applied in each control volume to assure realistic results. This is not easy to apply in practice since both thermodynamic analysis and CFD modeling can be time-consuming. In this paper, the authors suggest using a mathematical formalism called Parametric Equation Formalism to calculate the equilibrium composition. The novelty lies in the mathematical approach in which any complex system at equilibrium can be reduced to the problem of solving one non-linear equation at a time. This approach allows implementing a thermodynamic analysis easily into CFD models to assure the reasonability of obtained results and can be used for research and development of solid oxide fuel cells as a part of hybrid energy systems.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/2/337steam reformingparametric equation formalismequilibrium characteristicsAssociated Petroleum GasSolid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| spellingShingle | Robert Kaczmarczyk Sebastian Gurgul A Thermodynamic Analysis of Heavy Hydrocarbons Reforming for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application as a Part of Hybrid Energy Systems Energies steam reforming parametric equation formalism equilibrium characteristics Associated Petroleum Gas Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| title | A Thermodynamic Analysis of Heavy Hydrocarbons Reforming for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application as a Part of Hybrid Energy Systems |
| title_full | A Thermodynamic Analysis of Heavy Hydrocarbons Reforming for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application as a Part of Hybrid Energy Systems |
| title_fullStr | A Thermodynamic Analysis of Heavy Hydrocarbons Reforming for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application as a Part of Hybrid Energy Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Thermodynamic Analysis of Heavy Hydrocarbons Reforming for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application as a Part of Hybrid Energy Systems |
| title_short | A Thermodynamic Analysis of Heavy Hydrocarbons Reforming for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Application as a Part of Hybrid Energy Systems |
| title_sort | thermodynamic analysis of heavy hydrocarbons reforming for solid oxide fuel cell application as a part of hybrid energy systems |
| topic | steam reforming parametric equation formalism equilibrium characteristics Associated Petroleum Gas Solid Oxide Fuel Cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/2/337 |
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