The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of <i>Salvia bulleyana</i>
Hairy root cultures are valuable sources of a range of phytochemicals. Among them, <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> root culture is a promising source of polyphenols, especially rosmarinic acid (RA), a phenolic acid depside with pleiotropic activity and a wide application in medicine and cosmetol...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/992 |
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| author | Marta Krzemińska Aleksandra Owczarek Weronika Gonciarz Magdalena Chmiela Monika A. Olszewska Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak |
| author_facet | Marta Krzemińska Aleksandra Owczarek Weronika Gonciarz Magdalena Chmiela Monika A. Olszewska Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak |
| author_sort | Marta Krzemińska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hairy root cultures are valuable sources of a range of phytochemicals. Among them, <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> root culture is a promising source of polyphenols, especially rosmarinic acid (RA), a phenolic acid depside with pleiotropic activity and a wide application in medicine and cosmetology. The aim of the study was to enhance the culture productivity by finding suitable elicitation protocol and to determine its biological potential in terms of antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial properties. The total content of phenols and the levels of particular constituents in root extracts were analyzed using HPLC-PDA. Among four elicitors tested (yeast extract; methyl jasmonate, MJA; trans-anethol; and cadmium chloride), MJA was found to be the most effective. The greatest boost in phenolic production (up to 124.4 mg/g dry weight) was observed after three-day treatment with MJA at 100 µM, with an almost 100% improvement compared to the controls (non-treated root culture). The hydromethanolic extract from the elicited culture exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 11.1 µg/mL, 6.5 µg/mL and 69.5 µg/mL for DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and superoxide anion radical, respectively. Moreover, in concentrations of 0.5–5 mg/mL the extract inhibited the growth of LoVo, AGS and HeLa cell lines, but was safe for the L929 cells up to the concentration of 5 mg/mL. The extract also exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity. Thus, the results confirmed that elicitation can be a beneficial strategy for increase the phenolic acid biosynthesis in hairy roots of <i>S. bulleyana</i>, and that such a highly productive culture can show significant biological potential. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:27:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-81404d0ee46f488a8abf460e892e030f2023-11-23T17:15:50ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-02-0127399210.3390/molecules27030992The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of <i>Salvia bulleyana</i>Marta Krzemińska0Aleksandra Owczarek1Weronika Gonciarz2Magdalena Chmiela3Monika A. Olszewska4Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak5Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, PolandDepartment of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, PolandHairy root cultures are valuable sources of a range of phytochemicals. Among them, <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> root culture is a promising source of polyphenols, especially rosmarinic acid (RA), a phenolic acid depside with pleiotropic activity and a wide application in medicine and cosmetology. The aim of the study was to enhance the culture productivity by finding suitable elicitation protocol and to determine its biological potential in terms of antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial properties. The total content of phenols and the levels of particular constituents in root extracts were analyzed using HPLC-PDA. Among four elicitors tested (yeast extract; methyl jasmonate, MJA; trans-anethol; and cadmium chloride), MJA was found to be the most effective. The greatest boost in phenolic production (up to 124.4 mg/g dry weight) was observed after three-day treatment with MJA at 100 µM, with an almost 100% improvement compared to the controls (non-treated root culture). The hydromethanolic extract from the elicited culture exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 11.1 µg/mL, 6.5 µg/mL and 69.5 µg/mL for DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and superoxide anion radical, respectively. Moreover, in concentrations of 0.5–5 mg/mL the extract inhibited the growth of LoVo, AGS and HeLa cell lines, but was safe for the L929 cells up to the concentration of 5 mg/mL. The extract also exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity. Thus, the results confirmed that elicitation can be a beneficial strategy for increase the phenolic acid biosynthesis in hairy roots of <i>S. bulleyana</i>, and that such a highly productive culture can show significant biological potential.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/992anetholecadmium chlorideelicitationmethyl jasmonatephenolic acidsrosmarinic acid |
| spellingShingle | Marta Krzemińska Aleksandra Owczarek Weronika Gonciarz Magdalena Chmiela Monika A. Olszewska Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> Molecules anethole cadmium chloride elicitation methyl jasmonate phenolic acids rosmarinic acid |
| title | The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> |
| title_full | The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> |
| title_fullStr | The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> |
| title_short | The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of <i>Salvia bulleyana</i> |
| title_sort | antioxidant cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential of phenolic acids enriched extract of elicited hairy roots of i salvia bulleyana i |
| topic | anethole cadmium chloride elicitation methyl jasmonate phenolic acids rosmarinic acid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/3/992 |
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