Mitral annular disjunction: A case series and review of the literature
Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) is an abnormal displacement of the mitral valve leaflet onto the left atrial wall and is commonly found in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP). The diagnosis is usually made by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) although findings can be subtle and further car...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.976066/full |
| _version_ | 1818084694917382144 |
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| author | Stephanie Wu Robert J. Siegel |
| author_facet | Stephanie Wu Robert J. Siegel |
| author_sort | Stephanie Wu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) is an abnormal displacement of the mitral valve leaflet onto the left atrial wall and is commonly found in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP). The diagnosis is usually made by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) although findings can be subtle and further cardiac imaging may be necessary. MAD has been associated with a risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, therefore recognition of this diagnosis and risk stratification are highly important. In this review, we will discuss the diagnosis, clinical implications, risk stratification and management of MAD based upon currently available literature, as well as provide a series of cases showing the heterogeneity in presentation and our experience with management of this rare but potentially fatal entity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:57:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-814613253dee46929819cda4d0deb46f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T19:57:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-814613253dee46929819cda4d0deb46f2022-12-22T01:35:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2022-08-01910.3389/fcvm.2022.976066976066Mitral annular disjunction: A case series and review of the literatureStephanie WuRobert J. SiegelMitral annular disjunction (MAD) is an abnormal displacement of the mitral valve leaflet onto the left atrial wall and is commonly found in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP). The diagnosis is usually made by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) although findings can be subtle and further cardiac imaging may be necessary. MAD has been associated with a risk of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, therefore recognition of this diagnosis and risk stratification are highly important. In this review, we will discuss the diagnosis, clinical implications, risk stratification and management of MAD based upon currently available literature, as well as provide a series of cases showing the heterogeneity in presentation and our experience with management of this rare but potentially fatal entity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.976066/fullmitral valve prolapsemitral annular disjunctionsudden cardiac deathventricular arrhythmiatransthoracic echocardiogram |
| spellingShingle | Stephanie Wu Robert J. Siegel Mitral annular disjunction: A case series and review of the literature Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine mitral valve prolapse mitral annular disjunction sudden cardiac death ventricular arrhythmia transthoracic echocardiogram |
| title | Mitral annular disjunction: A case series and review of the literature |
| title_full | Mitral annular disjunction: A case series and review of the literature |
| title_fullStr | Mitral annular disjunction: A case series and review of the literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitral annular disjunction: A case series and review of the literature |
| title_short | Mitral annular disjunction: A case series and review of the literature |
| title_sort | mitral annular disjunction a case series and review of the literature |
| topic | mitral valve prolapse mitral annular disjunction sudden cardiac death ventricular arrhythmia transthoracic echocardiogram |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2022.976066/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stephaniewu mitralannulardisjunctionacaseseriesandreviewoftheliterature AT robertjsiegel mitralannulardisjunctionacaseseriesandreviewoftheliterature |