Impact of diet on ten-year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals: A tool for implementation of healthy diets
Summary: Background: An unhealthy diet is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease attributing to the burden of non-communicable diseases. Current dietary guidelines are not sufficiently implemented and effective strategies to encourage people to change and maintain healthy diets are lacking....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-08-01
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| Series: | The Lancet Regional Health. Europe |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776222001132 |
| _version_ | 1811231985975164928 |
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| author | Emilie W. Kjeldsen Jesper Q. Thomassen Katrine L. Rasmussen Børge G. Nordestgaard Anne Tybjærg-Hansen Ruth Frikke-Schmidt |
| author_facet | Emilie W. Kjeldsen Jesper Q. Thomassen Katrine L. Rasmussen Børge G. Nordestgaard Anne Tybjærg-Hansen Ruth Frikke-Schmidt |
| author_sort | Emilie W. Kjeldsen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Background: An unhealthy diet is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease attributing to the burden of non-communicable diseases. Current dietary guidelines are not sufficiently implemented and effective strategies to encourage people to change and maintain healthy diets are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating dietary assessment into ten-year absolute risk charts for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Methods: In the prospective Copenhagen General Population Study including 94 321 individuals, we generated sex-specific ten-year absolute risk scores for ASCVD according to adherence to dietary guidelines, using a short and valid food frequency questionnaire. To account for competing risk, we used the method of Fine-Gray. Findings: Non-adherence to dietary guidelines was associated with an atherogenic lipid and inflammatory profile. Ten-year absolute risk of ASCVD increased with increasing age, increasing systolic blood pressure, and decreasing adherence to dietary guidelines for both sexes. The highest ten-year absolute risk of ASCVD of 38% was observed in men aged 65–69 years who smoked, had very low adherence to dietary guidelines, and a systolic blood pressure between 160 and 179 mmHg. The corresponding value for women was 26%. Risk charts replacing dietary assessment with non-HDL cholesterol yielded similar estimates. Interpretation: Incorporation of a short dietary assessment into ten-year absolute risk charts has the potential to motivate patients to adhere to dietary guideline recommendations. Improved implementation of national dietary guidelines must be a cornerstone for future prevention of cardiovascular disease in both younger and older individuals. Funding: The Lundbeck Foundation (R278-2018-804) and the Danish Heart Foundation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:54:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-81579f5d9c16446f820632b716dd34bd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-7762 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T10:54:22Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Lancet Regional Health. Europe |
| spelling | doaj.art-81579f5d9c16446f820632b716dd34bd2022-12-22T03:36:07ZengElsevierThe Lancet Regional Health. Europe2666-77622022-08-0119100419Impact of diet on ten-year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals: A tool for implementation of healthy dietsEmilie W. Kjeldsen0Jesper Q. Thomassen1Katrine L. Rasmussen2Børge G. Nordestgaard3Anne Tybjærg-Hansen4Ruth Frikke-Schmidt5Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, Herlev 2730, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, Herlev 2730, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, Herlev 2730, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark; The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, Herlev 2730, Denmark; Corresponding author at: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark.Summary: Background: An unhealthy diet is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease attributing to the burden of non-communicable diseases. Current dietary guidelines are not sufficiently implemented and effective strategies to encourage people to change and maintain healthy diets are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating dietary assessment into ten-year absolute risk charts for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Methods: In the prospective Copenhagen General Population Study including 94 321 individuals, we generated sex-specific ten-year absolute risk scores for ASCVD according to adherence to dietary guidelines, using a short and valid food frequency questionnaire. To account for competing risk, we used the method of Fine-Gray. Findings: Non-adherence to dietary guidelines was associated with an atherogenic lipid and inflammatory profile. Ten-year absolute risk of ASCVD increased with increasing age, increasing systolic blood pressure, and decreasing adherence to dietary guidelines for both sexes. The highest ten-year absolute risk of ASCVD of 38% was observed in men aged 65–69 years who smoked, had very low adherence to dietary guidelines, and a systolic blood pressure between 160 and 179 mmHg. The corresponding value for women was 26%. Risk charts replacing dietary assessment with non-HDL cholesterol yielded similar estimates. Interpretation: Incorporation of a short dietary assessment into ten-year absolute risk charts has the potential to motivate patients to adhere to dietary guideline recommendations. Improved implementation of national dietary guidelines must be a cornerstone for future prevention of cardiovascular disease in both younger and older individuals. Funding: The Lundbeck Foundation (R278-2018-804) and the Danish Heart Foundation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776222001132Cardiovascular diseaseCohort studyDietFood-based dietary guidelinesPreventionRisk charts |
| spellingShingle | Emilie W. Kjeldsen Jesper Q. Thomassen Katrine L. Rasmussen Børge G. Nordestgaard Anne Tybjærg-Hansen Ruth Frikke-Schmidt Impact of diet on ten-year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals: A tool for implementation of healthy diets The Lancet Regional Health. Europe Cardiovascular disease Cohort study Diet Food-based dietary guidelines Prevention Risk charts |
| title | Impact of diet on ten-year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals: A tool for implementation of healthy diets |
| title_full | Impact of diet on ten-year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals: A tool for implementation of healthy diets |
| title_fullStr | Impact of diet on ten-year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals: A tool for implementation of healthy diets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of diet on ten-year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals: A tool for implementation of healthy diets |
| title_short | Impact of diet on ten-year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals: A tool for implementation of healthy diets |
| title_sort | impact of diet on ten year absolute cardiovascular risk in a prospective cohort of 94 321 individuals a tool for implementation of healthy diets |
| topic | Cardiovascular disease Cohort study Diet Food-based dietary guidelines Prevention Risk charts |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776222001132 |
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