Feet, heat and scallops: what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture?

The effects of unnatural disturbances on the behaviour and energetics of animals are an important issue for conservation and commercial animal production. Biologging enables estimation of the energy costs of these disturbances, but not specifically the effect these costs have on growth; a key outcom...

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Main Authors: Anthony A. Robson, Lewis G. Halsey, Laurent Chauvaud
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Royal Society 2016-01-01
Series:Royal Society Open Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.150679
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author Anthony A. Robson
Lewis G. Halsey
Laurent Chauvaud
author_facet Anthony A. Robson
Lewis G. Halsey
Laurent Chauvaud
author_sort Anthony A. Robson
collection DOAJ
description The effects of unnatural disturbances on the behaviour and energetics of animals are an important issue for conservation and commercial animal production. Biologging enables estimation of the energy costs of these disturbances, but not specifically the effect these costs have on growth; a key outcome measure for animal farming enterprises. We looked at how natural and anthropogenically induced activity and energy expenditure of king scallops Pecten maximus varies with temperature. These data were then used to model growth time of king scallops reared in an aquaculture facility under different temperatures and anthropogenic disturbance levels. The scallops exhibited a typical total metabolic rate (MR)–temperature curve, with a peak reached at a middling temperature. The percentage of their total MR associated with spinning and swimming, behavioural responses to disturbance, was considerable. Interestingly, as temperature increased, the activity MR associated with a given level of activity decreased; a hitherto unreported relationship in any species. The model results suggest there is a trade-off in the ambient temperature that should be set by hatcheries between the optimal for scallop growth if completely undisturbed versus mitigating against the energy costs elicited by anthropogenic disturbance. Furthermore, the model indicates that this trade-off is affected by scallop size. Aquaculture facilities typically have controls to limit the impact of human activities, yet the present data indicate that hatcheries may be advised to consider whether more controls could further decrease extraneous scallop behaviours, resulting in enhanced scallop yields and improved financial margins.
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spelling doaj.art-8161a013cde140178d9e98c411570d4a2022-12-21T18:19:05ZengThe Royal SocietyRoyal Society Open Science2054-57032016-01-013310.1098/rsos.150679150679Feet, heat and scallops: what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture?Anthony A. RobsonLewis G. HalseyLaurent ChauvaudThe effects of unnatural disturbances on the behaviour and energetics of animals are an important issue for conservation and commercial animal production. Biologging enables estimation of the energy costs of these disturbances, but not specifically the effect these costs have on growth; a key outcome measure for animal farming enterprises. We looked at how natural and anthropogenically induced activity and energy expenditure of king scallops Pecten maximus varies with temperature. These data were then used to model growth time of king scallops reared in an aquaculture facility under different temperatures and anthropogenic disturbance levels. The scallops exhibited a typical total metabolic rate (MR)–temperature curve, with a peak reached at a middling temperature. The percentage of their total MR associated with spinning and swimming, behavioural responses to disturbance, was considerable. Interestingly, as temperature increased, the activity MR associated with a given level of activity decreased; a hitherto unreported relationship in any species. The model results suggest there is a trade-off in the ambient temperature that should be set by hatcheries between the optimal for scallop growth if completely undisturbed versus mitigating against the energy costs elicited by anthropogenic disturbance. Furthermore, the model indicates that this trade-off is affected by scallop size. Aquaculture facilities typically have controls to limit the impact of human activities, yet the present data indicate that hatcheries may be advised to consider whether more controls could further decrease extraneous scallop behaviours, resulting in enhanced scallop yields and improved financial margins.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.150679growthtemperatureanthropogenic disturbanceactivitymetabolic rateenergy expenditure
spellingShingle Anthony A. Robson
Lewis G. Halsey
Laurent Chauvaud
Feet, heat and scallops: what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture?
Royal Society Open Science
growth
temperature
anthropogenic disturbance
activity
metabolic rate
energy expenditure
title Feet, heat and scallops: what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture?
title_full Feet, heat and scallops: what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture?
title_fullStr Feet, heat and scallops: what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture?
title_full_unstemmed Feet, heat and scallops: what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture?
title_short Feet, heat and scallops: what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture?
title_sort feet heat and scallops what is the cost of anthropogenic disturbance in bivalve aquaculture
topic growth
temperature
anthropogenic disturbance
activity
metabolic rate
energy expenditure
url https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.150679
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AT lewisghalsey feetheatandscallopswhatisthecostofanthropogenicdisturbanceinbivalveaquaculture
AT laurentchauvaud feetheatandscallopswhatisthecostofanthropogenicdisturbanceinbivalveaquaculture