Seasonal variation and chemical characterization of PM<sub>2.5</sub> in northwestern Philippines
The seasonal and chemical characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) were investigated in Burgos, Ilocos Norte, located at the northwestern edge of the Philippines. Each 24 h sample of fine aerosol was collected for four seasons. Fine particulate in the region show...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/4965/2018/acp-18-4965-2018.pdf |
| Summary: | The seasonal and chemical
characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) were investigated in
Burgos, Ilocos Norte, located at the northwestern edge of the Philippines.
Each 24 h sample of fine aerosol was collected for four seasons. Fine
particulate in the region shows strong seasonal variation in both
concentration and composition. Highest mass concentration was seen during the
boreal spring season with a mean mass concentration of
21.6 ± 6.6 µg m<sup>−3</sup>, and lowest was in fall with a mean
concentration of 8.4 ± 2.3 µg m<sup>−3</sup>. Three-day wind back
trajectory analysis of air mass reveals the influence of the northwestern
Pacific monsoon regimes on PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration. During southwest
monsoon, sea salt was the dominant component of fine aerosols carried by
moist air from the South China Sea. During northeast monsoon, on the other
hand, both wind and receptor model analysis showed that higher particulate
concentration was due to the long-range transport (LRT) of anthropogenic
emissions from northern East Asia. Overall, sea salt and soil comprise 33 %
of total PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration, while local biomass burning makes up
33 %. LRT of industrial emission, solid waste burning and secondary sulfate
from East Asia have a mean contribution of 34 % to the total fine
particulate for the whole sampling period. |
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| ISSN: | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |