GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells
IntroductionGoSAMTs play a role in the methylation of polysaccharides synthesized by the Golgi. Pectin homogalacturonan (HG) methyl-esterification is essential for the proper function of this polysaccharide in cell walls. In order to better understand the role of GoSAMTs in HG biosynthesis, we analy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1099573/full |
| _version_ | 1811168925076946944 |
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| author | Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas Pablo Sepúlveda-Orellana Dayan Sanhueza Hernán Salinas-Grenet Henry Temple Paul Dupree Susana Saez-Aguayo Ariel Orellana Ariel Orellana |
| author_facet | Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas Pablo Sepúlveda-Orellana Dayan Sanhueza Hernán Salinas-Grenet Henry Temple Paul Dupree Susana Saez-Aguayo Ariel Orellana Ariel Orellana |
| author_sort | Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionGoSAMTs play a role in the methylation of polysaccharides synthesized by the Golgi. Pectin homogalacturonan (HG) methyl-esterification is essential for the proper function of this polysaccharide in cell walls. In order to better understand the role of GoSAMTs in HG biosynthesis, we analyzed mucilage methyl-esterification in gosamt mutants.MethodsTo determine the function of GoSAMT1 and GoSAMT2 in HG methyl-esterification we utilized epidermal cells of seed coats, as these structures produce mucilage, which is a pectic matrix. We evaluated differences in seed surface morphology and quantified mucilage release. We measured methanol release, and used antibodies and confocal microscopy to analyze HG methyl-esterification in mucilage.ResultsWe observed morphological differences on the seed surface and delayed, uneven mucilage release in gosamt1-1gosamt2-1 double mutants. We also found changes in the distal wall length indicating abnormal cell wall breakage in this double mutant. Using methanol release and immunolabeling, we confirmed that GoSAMT1 and GoSAMT2 are involved in HG methyl-esterification in mucilage. However, we did not find evidence of decreasing HG in the gosamt mutants. Confocal microscopy analyses detected different patterns in the adherent mucilage and a greater number of low-methyl-esterified domains near the seed coat surface, which correlates with a greater number of “egg-box” structures in this region. We also detected a shift in the partitioning between the Rhamnogalacturonan-I soluble and adherent layers of the double mutant, which correlated with increased amounts of arabinose and arabinogalactan-protein in the adherent mucilage.DiscussionThe results show that the HG synthesized in gosamt mutant plants is less methyl esterified, resulting in more egg-box structures, which stiffen the cell walls in epidermal cells and change the rheological properties of the seed surface. The increased amounts of arabinose and arabinogalactan-protein in adherent mucilage, also suggests that compensation mechanisms were triggered in the gosamt mutants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T16:33:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8172cf0489cc42a789a4dce9db931a27 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T16:33:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-8172cf0489cc42a789a4dce9db931a272023-02-08T16:48:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2023-02-011410.3389/fpls.2023.10995731099573GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cellsJuan Pablo Parra-Rojas0Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas1Pablo Sepúlveda-Orellana2Dayan Sanhueza3Hernán Salinas-Grenet4Henry Temple5Paul Dupree6Susana Saez-Aguayo7Ariel Orellana8Ariel Orellana9Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, ChileMillenium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, ChileCentro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, ChileCentro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, ChileCentro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, ChileDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United KingdomDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United KingdomCentro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, ChileCentro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, ChileMillenium Institute Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, ChileIntroductionGoSAMTs play a role in the methylation of polysaccharides synthesized by the Golgi. Pectin homogalacturonan (HG) methyl-esterification is essential for the proper function of this polysaccharide in cell walls. In order to better understand the role of GoSAMTs in HG biosynthesis, we analyzed mucilage methyl-esterification in gosamt mutants.MethodsTo determine the function of GoSAMT1 and GoSAMT2 in HG methyl-esterification we utilized epidermal cells of seed coats, as these structures produce mucilage, which is a pectic matrix. We evaluated differences in seed surface morphology and quantified mucilage release. We measured methanol release, and used antibodies and confocal microscopy to analyze HG methyl-esterification in mucilage.ResultsWe observed morphological differences on the seed surface and delayed, uneven mucilage release in gosamt1-1gosamt2-1 double mutants. We also found changes in the distal wall length indicating abnormal cell wall breakage in this double mutant. Using methanol release and immunolabeling, we confirmed that GoSAMT1 and GoSAMT2 are involved in HG methyl-esterification in mucilage. However, we did not find evidence of decreasing HG in the gosamt mutants. Confocal microscopy analyses detected different patterns in the adherent mucilage and a greater number of low-methyl-esterified domains near the seed coat surface, which correlates with a greater number of “egg-box” structures in this region. We also detected a shift in the partitioning between the Rhamnogalacturonan-I soluble and adherent layers of the double mutant, which correlated with increased amounts of arabinose and arabinogalactan-protein in the adherent mucilage.DiscussionThe results show that the HG synthesized in gosamt mutant plants is less methyl esterified, resulting in more egg-box structures, which stiffen the cell walls in epidermal cells and change the rheological properties of the seed surface. The increased amounts of arabinose and arabinogalactan-protein in adherent mucilage, also suggests that compensation mechanisms were triggered in the gosamt mutants.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1099573/fullGoSAMT (Golgi SAM Transporter)seed coatmucilagepectinmethyl-esterificationhomogalacturonan |
| spellingShingle | Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas Juan Pablo Parra-Rojas Pablo Sepúlveda-Orellana Dayan Sanhueza Hernán Salinas-Grenet Henry Temple Paul Dupree Susana Saez-Aguayo Ariel Orellana Ariel Orellana GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells Frontiers in Plant Science GoSAMT (Golgi SAM Transporter) seed coat mucilage pectin methyl-esterification homogalacturonan |
| title | GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells |
| title_full | GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells |
| title_fullStr | GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells |
| title_short | GoSAMTs are required for pectin methyl-esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells |
| title_sort | gosamts are required for pectin methyl esterification and mucilage release in seed coat epidermal cells |
| topic | GoSAMT (Golgi SAM Transporter) seed coat mucilage pectin methyl-esterification homogalacturonan |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2023.1099573/full |
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