Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial Pathogens
Phagocytosis is a fundamental process of cells to capture and ingest foreign particles. Small unicellular organisms such as free-living amoeba use this process to acquire food. In pluricellular organisms, phagocytosis is a universal phenomenon that all cells are able to perform (including epithelial...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2017-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01368/full |
| _version_ | 1811200437114634240 |
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| author | Eileen Uribe-Querol Carlos Rosales |
| author_facet | Eileen Uribe-Querol Carlos Rosales |
| author_sort | Eileen Uribe-Querol |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phagocytosis is a fundamental process of cells to capture and ingest foreign particles. Small unicellular organisms such as free-living amoeba use this process to acquire food. In pluricellular organisms, phagocytosis is a universal phenomenon that all cells are able to perform (including epithelial, endothelial, fibroblasts, etc.), but some specialized cells (such as neutrophils and macrophages) perform this very efficiently and were therefore named professional phagocytes by Rabinovitch. Cells use phagocytosis to capture and clear all particles larger than 0.5 µm, including pathogenic microorganisms and cellular debris. Phagocytosis involves a series of steps from recognition of the target particle, ingestion of it in a phagosome (phagocytic vacuole), maturation of this phagosome into a phagolysosome, to the final destruction of the ingested particle in the robust antimicrobial environment of the phagolysosome. For the most part, phagocytosis is an efficient process that eliminates invading pathogens and helps maintaining homeostasis. However, several pathogens have also evolved different strategies to prevent phagocytosis from proceeding in a normal way. These pathogens have a clear advantage to perpetuate the infection and continue their replication. Here, we present an overview of the phagocytic process with emphasis on the antimicrobial elements professional phagocytes use. We also summarize the current knowledge on the microbial strategies different pathogens use to prevent phagocytosis either at the level of ingestion, phagosome formation, and maturation, and even complete escape from phagosomes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:04:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-817f7e9e3dcc4e99abe33d71f870fc2a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:04:31Z |
| publishDate | 2017-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-817f7e9e3dcc4e99abe33d71f870fc2a2022-12-22T03:52:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242017-10-01810.3389/fimmu.2017.01368302803Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial PathogensEileen Uribe-Querol0Carlos Rosales1División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoDepartamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoPhagocytosis is a fundamental process of cells to capture and ingest foreign particles. Small unicellular organisms such as free-living amoeba use this process to acquire food. In pluricellular organisms, phagocytosis is a universal phenomenon that all cells are able to perform (including epithelial, endothelial, fibroblasts, etc.), but some specialized cells (such as neutrophils and macrophages) perform this very efficiently and were therefore named professional phagocytes by Rabinovitch. Cells use phagocytosis to capture and clear all particles larger than 0.5 µm, including pathogenic microorganisms and cellular debris. Phagocytosis involves a series of steps from recognition of the target particle, ingestion of it in a phagosome (phagocytic vacuole), maturation of this phagosome into a phagolysosome, to the final destruction of the ingested particle in the robust antimicrobial environment of the phagolysosome. For the most part, phagocytosis is an efficient process that eliminates invading pathogens and helps maintaining homeostasis. However, several pathogens have also evolved different strategies to prevent phagocytosis from proceeding in a normal way. These pathogens have a clear advantage to perpetuate the infection and continue their replication. Here, we present an overview of the phagocytic process with emphasis on the antimicrobial elements professional phagocytes use. We also summarize the current knowledge on the microbial strategies different pathogens use to prevent phagocytosis either at the level of ingestion, phagosome formation, and maturation, and even complete escape from phagosomes.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01368/fullmacrophageneutrophilbacteriainfectioninflammationphagosome maturation |
| spellingShingle | Eileen Uribe-Querol Carlos Rosales Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial Pathogens Frontiers in Immunology macrophage neutrophil bacteria infection inflammation phagosome maturation |
| title | Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial Pathogens |
| title_full | Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial Pathogens |
| title_fullStr | Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial Pathogens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial Pathogens |
| title_short | Control of Phagocytosis by Microbial Pathogens |
| title_sort | control of phagocytosis by microbial pathogens |
| topic | macrophage neutrophil bacteria infection inflammation phagosome maturation |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01368/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT eileenuribequerol controlofphagocytosisbymicrobialpathogens AT carlosrosales controlofphagocytosisbymicrobialpathogens |