Designing a Band for Vehicles’ Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiations
Background. Solar radiations that reach the Earth can be divided into ultraviolet, visible light, and infrared. Overexposure to these radiations can facilitate adverse skin diseases such as sunburn, skin cancer, and photoaging. People who drive vehicles for an extended period are likely to develop s...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hindawi Limited
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Dermatology Research and Practice |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7238905 |
| _version_ | 1797972521379692544 |
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| author | Nouf Jubran AlQahtani Amnah Nabil Bukair Ghada Naje Alessa Hoor Fayez AlDushaishi Syed Mehmood Ali |
| author_facet | Nouf Jubran AlQahtani Amnah Nabil Bukair Ghada Naje Alessa Hoor Fayez AlDushaishi Syed Mehmood Ali |
| author_sort | Nouf Jubran AlQahtani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Solar radiations that reach the Earth can be divided into ultraviolet, visible light, and infrared. Overexposure to these radiations can facilitate adverse skin diseases such as sunburn, skin cancer, and photoaging. People who drive vehicles for an extended period are likely to develop skin cancer in the exposed body area. Method. This research proposes a wearable protective device around the upper arm to measure the transmitted radiation through the front and the side windows. A novel skin type classification algorithm using a color sensor was created to provide an accurate skin type identification. Also, the device was programmed to calculate the time before sunburn occurrence based on the ultraviolet index, sunscreen’s sun protection factor, and skin type. Results. The prototype was tested inside a Toyota Camry model 2001 vehicle with an accuracy of 97%. The front window had transmitted more infrared radiation compared to the side window. The highest recorded value was 76.76 mW/cm2. On the other hand, the side window had transmitted more ultraviolet compared to the front window as it lacks the protective polyvinyl butyral layer that the front window has. The highest recorded ultraviolet index was 3.5. Conclusion. These results highlight the importance of wearing the designed solar band and using appropriate UV and IR protection while driving a vehicle to prevent skin diseases from occurring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T03:49:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8182b35def72476c83cd4214682b200b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1687-6113 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T03:49:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Hindawi Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dermatology Research and Practice |
| spelling | doaj.art-8182b35def72476c83cd4214682b200b2023-01-02T02:13:18ZengHindawi LimitedDermatology Research and Practice1687-61132022-01-01202210.1155/2022/7238905Designing a Band for Vehicles’ Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared RadiationsNouf Jubran AlQahtani0Amnah Nabil Bukair1Ghada Naje Alessa2Hoor Fayez AlDushaishi3Syed Mehmood Ali4Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityImam Abdulrahman bin Faisal UniversityBackground. Solar radiations that reach the Earth can be divided into ultraviolet, visible light, and infrared. Overexposure to these radiations can facilitate adverse skin diseases such as sunburn, skin cancer, and photoaging. People who drive vehicles for an extended period are likely to develop skin cancer in the exposed body area. Method. This research proposes a wearable protective device around the upper arm to measure the transmitted radiation through the front and the side windows. A novel skin type classification algorithm using a color sensor was created to provide an accurate skin type identification. Also, the device was programmed to calculate the time before sunburn occurrence based on the ultraviolet index, sunscreen’s sun protection factor, and skin type. Results. The prototype was tested inside a Toyota Camry model 2001 vehicle with an accuracy of 97%. The front window had transmitted more infrared radiation compared to the side window. The highest recorded value was 76.76 mW/cm2. On the other hand, the side window had transmitted more ultraviolet compared to the front window as it lacks the protective polyvinyl butyral layer that the front window has. The highest recorded ultraviolet index was 3.5. Conclusion. These results highlight the importance of wearing the designed solar band and using appropriate UV and IR protection while driving a vehicle to prevent skin diseases from occurring.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7238905 |
| spellingShingle | Nouf Jubran AlQahtani Amnah Nabil Bukair Ghada Naje Alessa Hoor Fayez AlDushaishi Syed Mehmood Ali Designing a Band for Vehicles’ Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiations Dermatology Research and Practice |
| title | Designing a Band for Vehicles’ Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiations |
| title_full | Designing a Band for Vehicles’ Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiations |
| title_fullStr | Designing a Band for Vehicles’ Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Designing a Band for Vehicles’ Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiations |
| title_short | Designing a Band for Vehicles’ Drivers Induced by Ultraviolet and Infrared Radiations |
| title_sort | designing a band for vehicles drivers induced by ultraviolet and infrared radiations |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7238905 |
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