Leaching Kinetics of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Compound Ammonium Carboxylate
Due to the special properties of the ammonium salts, ammonium acetate and ammonium citrate were used to explore the best leaching conditions of rare earth with compound ammonium carboxylate. This paper explored the influence of the molar ratio, ammonium concentration, experimental temperature, and p...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Minerals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/10/6/516 |
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| author | Xiuwei Chai Guoqing Li Zhenyue Zhang Ruan Chi Zhuo Chen |
| author_facet | Xiuwei Chai Guoqing Li Zhenyue Zhang Ruan Chi Zhuo Chen |
| author_sort | Xiuwei Chai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to the special properties of the ammonium salts, ammonium acetate and ammonium citrate were used to explore the best leaching conditions of rare earth with compound ammonium carboxylate. This paper explored the influence of the molar ratio, ammonium concentration, experimental temperature, and pH of the compound leaching agents on the leaching efficiency of rare earth and aluminum, and it analyzed the leaching process based on the leaching kinetics, which provides a new method for leaching rare earth from the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore. The results showed that under the conditions where the molar ratio of ammonium acetate and ammonium citrate was 7:3 and the ammonium concentration was 0.15 mol/L, the leaching efficiency of rare earth was the highest when the pH of leaching agent was 4.0 and the experimental temperature was 313 K. Meanwhile, when CH<sub>3</sub>COONH<sub>4</sub> and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>Cit were used to leach rare earth ore, the leaching reaction kinetics equation of rare earth and aluminum were obtained. In the temperature range of 283–323 K, the apparent activation energy of rare earth was 14.89 kJ/mol and that of aluminum was 19.17 kJ/mol. The reaction order of rare earth was 0.98 and that of aluminum was 0.79. The results were in accordance with the shrinking core model and indicate that the concentration of the leaching agent had a greater influence on rare earth than aluminum. This process can reduce the use of ammonium salt, and it is of great significance to extract rare earth elements from weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore and improve the utilization rate of resources. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:24:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-819ee62463804a7ab5127352a58ee88b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-163X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:24:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Minerals |
| spelling | doaj.art-819ee62463804a7ab5127352a58ee88b2023-11-20T02:39:29ZengMDPI AGMinerals2075-163X2020-06-0110651610.3390/min10060516Leaching Kinetics of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Compound Ammonium CarboxylateXiuwei Chai0Guoqing Li1Zhenyue Zhang2Ruan Chi3Zhuo Chen4School of Resource and Safety Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, ChinaSchool of Resource and Safety Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, ChinaSchool of Resource and Safety Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, ChinaSchool of Resource and Safety Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, ChinaSchool of Resource and Safety Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430073, ChinaDue to the special properties of the ammonium salts, ammonium acetate and ammonium citrate were used to explore the best leaching conditions of rare earth with compound ammonium carboxylate. This paper explored the influence of the molar ratio, ammonium concentration, experimental temperature, and pH of the compound leaching agents on the leaching efficiency of rare earth and aluminum, and it analyzed the leaching process based on the leaching kinetics, which provides a new method for leaching rare earth from the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore. The results showed that under the conditions where the molar ratio of ammonium acetate and ammonium citrate was 7:3 and the ammonium concentration was 0.15 mol/L, the leaching efficiency of rare earth was the highest when the pH of leaching agent was 4.0 and the experimental temperature was 313 K. Meanwhile, when CH<sub>3</sub>COONH<sub>4</sub> and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>Cit were used to leach rare earth ore, the leaching reaction kinetics equation of rare earth and aluminum were obtained. In the temperature range of 283–323 K, the apparent activation energy of rare earth was 14.89 kJ/mol and that of aluminum was 19.17 kJ/mol. The reaction order of rare earth was 0.98 and that of aluminum was 0.79. The results were in accordance with the shrinking core model and indicate that the concentration of the leaching agent had a greater influence on rare earth than aluminum. This process can reduce the use of ammonium salt, and it is of great significance to extract rare earth elements from weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore and improve the utilization rate of resources.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/10/6/516weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth oreleaching kineticsrare earthammonium acetateammonium citrate |
| spellingShingle | Xiuwei Chai Guoqing Li Zhenyue Zhang Ruan Chi Zhuo Chen Leaching Kinetics of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Compound Ammonium Carboxylate Minerals weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore leaching kinetics rare earth ammonium acetate ammonium citrate |
| title | Leaching Kinetics of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Compound Ammonium Carboxylate |
| title_full | Leaching Kinetics of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Compound Ammonium Carboxylate |
| title_fullStr | Leaching Kinetics of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Compound Ammonium Carboxylate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Leaching Kinetics of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Compound Ammonium Carboxylate |
| title_short | Leaching Kinetics of Weathered Crust Elution-Deposited Rare Earth Ore with Compound Ammonium Carboxylate |
| title_sort | leaching kinetics of weathered crust elution deposited rare earth ore with compound ammonium carboxylate |
| topic | weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore leaching kinetics rare earth ammonium acetate ammonium citrate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/10/6/516 |
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