<i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> ELISA Responses in Milk Samples from Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Dairy Goat Herds in The Netherlands
The aims of our study were to calculate the most appropriate cut-off value for milk samples in a serum-validated <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP) ELISA and to analyze MAP ELISA responses in milk samples from vaccinated and nonvaccinated dairy go...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-06-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/6/2/58 |
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| author | Saskia Luttikholt Karianne Lievaart-Peterson Maaike Gonggrijp Marian Aalberts Gerdien van Schaik Piet Vellema |
| author_facet | Saskia Luttikholt Karianne Lievaart-Peterson Maaike Gonggrijp Marian Aalberts Gerdien van Schaik Piet Vellema |
| author_sort | Saskia Luttikholt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aims of our study were to calculate the most appropriate cut-off value for milk samples in a serum-validated <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP) ELISA and to analyze MAP ELISA responses in milk samples from vaccinated and nonvaccinated dairy goats in the Netherlands. Analyzed herds were representative for location and herd size of dairy goat herds in the Netherlands. A significantly higher proportion of the analyzed 49 herds were organic as compared with the total Dutch dairy goat population. First, the MAP ELISA was optimized using 992 paired serum and milk samples. At a cut-off of 25 S/P%, the relative sensitivity (Se) was 58.4% (<i>n</i> = 992, 95% CI: 48.8%−67.6%) and relative specificity (Sp) was 98.5% (<i>n</i> = 992, 95% CI: 97.5%−99.2%), as compared to serum ELISA results. The percentage of positively tested herds was 78.2% (<i>n</i> = 49, 95% CI: 63.4%−88.1%). The percentage of positive milk samples per herd (<i>n</i> = 22) was on average 4.6% (median, min, and max of 4.7%, 0.0%, and 10.7%, respectively). Average age of ELISA-positive (3.2 years) and -negative goats (3.2 years) was not different. Significantly more vaccinated goats tested positive (6.7%) as compared with nonvaccinated goats (1.1%). This study shows that a high number of vaccinated and nonvaccinated commercial dairy goat herds in the Netherlands have MAP-ELISA-positive goats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T21:31:40Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-7381 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T21:31:40Z |
| publishDate | 2019-06-01 |
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| series | Veterinary Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-81a33bc21d6c4ff8a8238768a91dc82f2022-12-21T21:31:51ZengMDPI AGVeterinary Sciences2306-73812019-06-01625810.3390/vetsci6020058vetsci6020058<i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> ELISA Responses in Milk Samples from Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Dairy Goat Herds in The NetherlandsSaskia Luttikholt0Karianne Lievaart-Peterson1Maaike Gonggrijp2Marian Aalberts3Gerdien van Schaik4Piet Vellema5Department of Small Ruminant Health, GD Animal Health, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Small Ruminant Health, GD Animal Health, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsEpidemiology Group, GD Animal Health, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Research and Development, GD Animal Health, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsEpidemiology Group, GD Animal Health, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsDepartment of Small Ruminant Health, GD Animal Health, P.O. Box 9, 7400 AA Deventer, The NetherlandsThe aims of our study were to calculate the most appropriate cut-off value for milk samples in a serum-validated <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP) ELISA and to analyze MAP ELISA responses in milk samples from vaccinated and nonvaccinated dairy goats in the Netherlands. Analyzed herds were representative for location and herd size of dairy goat herds in the Netherlands. A significantly higher proportion of the analyzed 49 herds were organic as compared with the total Dutch dairy goat population. First, the MAP ELISA was optimized using 992 paired serum and milk samples. At a cut-off of 25 S/P%, the relative sensitivity (Se) was 58.4% (<i>n</i> = 992, 95% CI: 48.8%−67.6%) and relative specificity (Sp) was 98.5% (<i>n</i> = 992, 95% CI: 97.5%−99.2%), as compared to serum ELISA results. The percentage of positively tested herds was 78.2% (<i>n</i> = 49, 95% CI: 63.4%−88.1%). The percentage of positive milk samples per herd (<i>n</i> = 22) was on average 4.6% (median, min, and max of 4.7%, 0.0%, and 10.7%, respectively). Average age of ELISA-positive (3.2 years) and -negative goats (3.2 years) was not different. Significantly more vaccinated goats tested positive (6.7%) as compared with nonvaccinated goats (1.1%). This study shows that a high number of vaccinated and nonvaccinated commercial dairy goat herds in the Netherlands have MAP-ELISA-positive goats.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/6/2/58dairy goatcaprineantibody responseNetherlandsELISAJohne’s diseaseparatuberculosis |
| spellingShingle | Saskia Luttikholt Karianne Lievaart-Peterson Maaike Gonggrijp Marian Aalberts Gerdien van Schaik Piet Vellema <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> ELISA Responses in Milk Samples from Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Dairy Goat Herds in The Netherlands Veterinary Sciences dairy goat caprine antibody response Netherlands ELISA Johne’s disease paratuberculosis |
| title | <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> ELISA Responses in Milk Samples from Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Dairy Goat Herds in The Netherlands |
| title_full | <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> ELISA Responses in Milk Samples from Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Dairy Goat Herds in The Netherlands |
| title_fullStr | <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> ELISA Responses in Milk Samples from Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Dairy Goat Herds in The Netherlands |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> ELISA Responses in Milk Samples from Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Dairy Goat Herds in The Netherlands |
| title_short | <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> ELISA Responses in Milk Samples from Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Dairy Goat Herds in The Netherlands |
| title_sort | i mycobacterium avium i subsp i paratuberculosis i elisa responses in milk samples from vaccinated and nonvaccinated dairy goat herds in the netherlands |
| topic | dairy goat caprine antibody response Netherlands ELISA Johne’s disease paratuberculosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/6/2/58 |
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