PENGARUH TINGKAT KERUSAKAN JALAN PERKEBUNAN DAN POSISI TANDAN BUAH SEGAR DI BAK TRUK TERHADAP KINERJA ANGKUTAN KELAPA SAWIT (Effect of Estate Road Damage and Fresh Fruit Bunch Position in Truck Bin on Oil Palm Transportation Performance)
Oil Palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) transportation is a vital step in post harvest process. Transportation condition may affects the quantity and quality of FFB as a palm oil factory raw material. Due to many estate roads are not at ideal condition, this research was addressed to explore the relationsh...
Main Authors: | , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Universitas Gadjah Mada
2016-10-01
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Series: | Agritech |
Online Access: | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/agritech/article/view/12867 |
Summary: | Oil Palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) transportation is a vital step in post harvest process. Transportation condition may
affects the quantity and quality of FFB as a palm oil factory raw material. Due to many estate roads are not at ideal
condition, this research was addressed to explore the relationship between road damage level and position of FFB
in truck bin to transportation performance. Transportation performance indicator were leftover fruit, level of released
fruitlets, fruits bruise index, and free fatty acid (FFA) content. The research divided into two stage. The first was
on transportation performance in collection road. The second was FFB transportation from fruit collection point to
factory, which was treated on good, moderate, and bad road. Observation was done to the FFB at bottom, middle
and upper layer of truck bin. The transportation performace indicators were analized by Anova, and continued by
Tukey method analysis if there were differentces among treatments. Result showed that level of road damage was
significantly affect transportation performace indicator i.e level of leftover fruits, but it was not significantly affect
level of released fruitlets, fruits bruise index, and FFA content. Meanwhile, FFB position in truck bin influenced level
of fruitlets releasing, and significantly influenced fruits bruise index.
Keywords: Palm oil transportation, leftover fruits, released fruitlets, bruise index, oil Pal FFB
ABSTRAK
Pengangkutan tandan buah segar (TBS) kelapa sawit merupakan satu tahap penting dalam proses pascapanen. Kondisi
pengangkutan menentukan kuantitas dan kualitas TBS sebagai bahan baku pabrik kelapa sawit. Mengingat masih
banyak jalan perkebunan yang belum ideal, penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari hubungan tingkat kerusakan jalan dan
penempatan TBS di bak truk terhadap kinerja pengangkutan. Indikator kinerja pengangkutan yang digunakan adalah
buah restan (tertinggal di kebun), kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB), tingkat pelepasan buah (membrondol), dan tingkat
memar (indeks memar). Penelitian dibagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu: 1) kinerja pengangkutan dari piringan pohon ke
tempat pengumpulan hasil (TPH). 2) kinerja pengangkutan dari TPH ke pabrik. Perlakuan dalam penelitian tahap dua
adalah kualitas jalan pengumpulan, yaitu jalan baik, sedang, dan buruk, dan posisi TBS di bak truk, yaitu di lapisan
dasar, tengah, dan atas. Hubungan panjang jalan rusak dengan tingkat restan buah dianalisis dengan analisis regresi,
sedang indikator kinerja pengangkutan dianalisis dengan analisis varians (Anova), dan kemudian dilanjutkan dengan
analisis satu arah pembedaan antar perlakuan dengan metode Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi atau
tingkat kerusakan jalan memberikan pengaruh terhadap indikator kinerja pengangkutan tingkat buah restan, namun
tidak secara nyata berpengaruh terhadap tingkat pelepasan buah sawit dari tandan (pembrondolan), tingkat kerusakan
buah (indeks memar) dan kadar ALB pada saat pengangkutan menggunakan truk bak kayu. Sedang posisi TBS di
dalam bak truk berpengaruh cukup nyata terhadap tingkat pelepasan buah dari tandan, dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap
indeks memar buah selama pengangkutan.
Kata kunci: Pengangkutan, restan, pembrondolan, indeks memar, TBS kelapa sawit |
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ISSN: | 0216-0455 2527-3825 |