Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction
In this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wheat straw (WS) in sub (350 °C) and supercritical (400 °C) water with and without alkali catalyst was performed to investigate the potential of WS for the production of biocrude. The influences of temperature and catalyst were studied for the HTL pr...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3114 |
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| author | Tahir H. Seehar Saqib S. Toor Ayaz A. Shah Thomas H. Pedersen Lasse A. Rosendahl |
| author_facet | Tahir H. Seehar Saqib S. Toor Ayaz A. Shah Thomas H. Pedersen Lasse A. Rosendahl |
| author_sort | Tahir H. Seehar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wheat straw (WS) in sub (350 °C) and supercritical (400 °C) water with and without alkali catalyst was performed to investigate the potential of WS for the production of biocrude. The influences of temperature and catalyst were studied for the HTL products. Results showed that maximum biocrude yield (32.34 wt. %) with least solid residue (4.34 wt. %) was obtained at subcritical catalytic condition, whereas the carbon content was slightly higher in biocrude at supercritical. The higher heating value (HHV) for biocrude is around 35 MJ/kg for all four conditions. The major compounds in biocrude were observed as ketones, alcohols, acids, and hydrocarbons. At 350 °C, 44–55% of the carbon recovered into biocrude. The products were characterized in terms of elemental composition, higher heating values, organics, and inorganic compounds in different phases. To keep in consideration the scale-up of HTL process for continuous plant, aqueous phase from HTL was also recirculated which showed the fruitful outcomes by increasing the biocrude yield at each cycle. |
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| id | doaj.art-81e7df5cd4f04abcb1e9957dbbfa30a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:08:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-81e7df5cd4f04abcb1e9957dbbfa30a12023-11-20T04:00:58ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732020-06-011312311410.3390/en13123114Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal LiquefactionTahir H. Seehar0Saqib S. Toor1Ayaz A. Shah2Thomas H. Pedersen3Lasse A. Rosendahl4Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, DenmarkDepartment of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, DenmarkDepartment of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, DenmarkDepartment of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, DenmarkDepartment of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg, DenmarkIn this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of wheat straw (WS) in sub (350 °C) and supercritical (400 °C) water with and without alkali catalyst was performed to investigate the potential of WS for the production of biocrude. The influences of temperature and catalyst were studied for the HTL products. Results showed that maximum biocrude yield (32.34 wt. %) with least solid residue (4.34 wt. %) was obtained at subcritical catalytic condition, whereas the carbon content was slightly higher in biocrude at supercritical. The higher heating value (HHV) for biocrude is around 35 MJ/kg for all four conditions. The major compounds in biocrude were observed as ketones, alcohols, acids, and hydrocarbons. At 350 °C, 44–55% of the carbon recovered into biocrude. The products were characterized in terms of elemental composition, higher heating values, organics, and inorganic compounds in different phases. To keep in consideration the scale-up of HTL process for continuous plant, aqueous phase from HTL was also recirculated which showed the fruitful outcomes by increasing the biocrude yield at each cycle.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3114wheat strawsub-supercritical HTLcatalyst (K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>)biocrudeinorganicsand aqueous phase recirculation |
| spellingShingle | Tahir H. Seehar Saqib S. Toor Ayaz A. Shah Thomas H. Pedersen Lasse A. Rosendahl Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction Energies wheat straw sub-supercritical HTL catalyst (K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) biocrude inorganics and aqueous phase recirculation |
| title | Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction |
| title_full | Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction |
| title_fullStr | Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction |
| title_short | Biocrude Production from Wheat Straw at Sub and Supercritical Hydrothermal Liquefaction |
| title_sort | biocrude production from wheat straw at sub and supercritical hydrothermal liquefaction |
| topic | wheat straw sub-supercritical HTL catalyst (K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) biocrude inorganics and aqueous phase recirculation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/12/3114 |
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