Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluation
Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is widely used for protecting grains from pests. AlP releases toxic phosphine gas (PH3) while exposed to humidity. Poisoning with these tablets is dangerous and can cause death or serious injuries. Up to now, no definite antidote has been introduced for specific treatment of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023025318 |
| _version_ | 1797836958760697856 |
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| author | Reza Heidari Hamid Reza Mohammadi Fazel Goudarzi Fatemeh Farjadian |
| author_facet | Reza Heidari Hamid Reza Mohammadi Fazel Goudarzi Fatemeh Farjadian |
| author_sort | Reza Heidari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is widely used for protecting grains from pests. AlP releases toxic phosphine gas (PH3) while exposed to humidity. Poisoning with these tablets is dangerous and can cause death or serious injuries. Up to now, no definite antidote has been introduced for specific treatment of this poisoning. Sevelamer carbonate or sevelamer hydrochloride (Renagel) is a polymeric pharmaceutical prescribed for treating hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Sevelamer can bind with phosphate groups and act as an anion exchanger. Herein, sevelamer is repurposed as a potent antidote agent in phosphine gas poisoning. In vivo evaluation was conducted on male Sprague Dawley rats. The evaluation was conducted on three groups of animals: control, AlP-poisoned, and AlP-poisoned treated with sevelamer. Survival percentage, serum biomarkers level of organ injury, and ATP level were recorded. The results indicate a high survival rate in sevelamer-treated animals compared with the AlP-poisoned group (75% vs. 0% respectively, 48 h after poisoning). The analysis of serum markers of organ injury also showed that sevelamer could reduce toxicity and organ injury in poisoned animals. ATP level of separate organs showed that sevelamer treated groups were recovered. The results showed that sevelamer could be a potent antidote for managing aluminum phosphide poisoning. Moreover, a mechanism is suggested for the interaction of sevelamer with phosphine gas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:17:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-81e92b1412f34fc9858251e1b621ae13 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:17:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-81e92b1412f34fc9858251e1b621ae132023-04-29T14:56:14ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-04-0194e15324Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluationReza Heidari0Hamid Reza Mohammadi1Fazel Goudarzi2Fatemeh Farjadian3Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, IranEmergency Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranPharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Corresponding author.Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is widely used for protecting grains from pests. AlP releases toxic phosphine gas (PH3) while exposed to humidity. Poisoning with these tablets is dangerous and can cause death or serious injuries. Up to now, no definite antidote has been introduced for specific treatment of this poisoning. Sevelamer carbonate or sevelamer hydrochloride (Renagel) is a polymeric pharmaceutical prescribed for treating hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Sevelamer can bind with phosphate groups and act as an anion exchanger. Herein, sevelamer is repurposed as a potent antidote agent in phosphine gas poisoning. In vivo evaluation was conducted on male Sprague Dawley rats. The evaluation was conducted on three groups of animals: control, AlP-poisoned, and AlP-poisoned treated with sevelamer. Survival percentage, serum biomarkers level of organ injury, and ATP level were recorded. The results indicate a high survival rate in sevelamer-treated animals compared with the AlP-poisoned group (75% vs. 0% respectively, 48 h after poisoning). The analysis of serum markers of organ injury also showed that sevelamer could reduce toxicity and organ injury in poisoned animals. ATP level of separate organs showed that sevelamer treated groups were recovered. The results showed that sevelamer could be a potent antidote for managing aluminum phosphide poisoning. Moreover, a mechanism is suggested for the interaction of sevelamer with phosphine gas.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023025318Aluminum phosphide toxicityRice tabletSevelamerRenagelAntidote |
| spellingShingle | Reza Heidari Hamid Reza Mohammadi Fazel Goudarzi Fatemeh Farjadian Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluation Heliyon Aluminum phosphide toxicity Rice tablet Sevelamer Renagel Antidote |
| title | Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluation |
| title_full | Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluation |
| title_short | Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluation |
| title_sort | repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning an in vivo evaluation |
| topic | Aluminum phosphide toxicity Rice tablet Sevelamer Renagel Antidote |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023025318 |
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