Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage Systems
Pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) is a promising long-duration energy storage technology. Nevertheless, PTES shows intermediate round-trip efficiency (RTE—0.5 ÷ 0.7) and significant CAPEX. sCO<sub>2</sub> heat pumps and power cycles could reduce PTES CAPEX, particularly via reversible...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6249 |
| _version_ | 1797582609040015360 |
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| author | Stefano Barberis Simone Maccarini Syed Safeer Mehdi Shamsi Alberto Traverso |
| author_facet | Stefano Barberis Simone Maccarini Syed Safeer Mehdi Shamsi Alberto Traverso |
| author_sort | Stefano Barberis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) is a promising long-duration energy storage technology. Nevertheless, PTES shows intermediate round-trip efficiency (RTE—0.5 ÷ 0.7) and significant CAPEX. sCO<sub>2</sub> heat pumps and power cycles could reduce PTES CAPEX, particularly via reversible and flexible machines. Furthermore, the possibility to exploit freely available heat sources (such as waste heat and/or CSP inputs) could increase RTE, making the system capable of an apparent RTE > 100% as well as reducing CAPEX, avoiding the need for two TES systems. This paper analyses the potential valorization of industrial waste heat (WH) to enhance PTES thermodynamic performance as well as increase industrial energy efficiency, valorizing different levels of WH sources in the 100–400 °C temperature range. In fact, the use of additional heat, otherwise dumped into ambient surroundings, may contribute to avoiding the need for a second TES, thus enhancing plant competitiveness. Starting from an assessment of the most relevant industrial sectors to apply the proposed solution (looking at available WH and electric flexibility needed), this paper analyses the feasibility of a specific sCO<sub>2</sub>-based PTES case study, where the cycle is integrated into a cement production plant with a WH temperature of around 350 °C. It is demonstrated that the CAPEX of the proposed systems are still relevant and only a robust exploitation of the PTES in the ancillary service market could attract industrial customers’ interest in sCO<sub>2</sub> PTES. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:24:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-81eacd504ded436d8f8991cb99eda802 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T23:24:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-81eacd504ded436d8f8991cb99eda8022023-11-19T08:05:20ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-08-011617624910.3390/en16176249Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage SystemsStefano Barberis0Simone Maccarini1Syed Safeer Mehdi Shamsi2Alberto Traverso3Thermochemical Power Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Genova, 16145 Genoa, ItalyThermochemical Power Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Genova, 16145 Genoa, ItalyThermochemical Power Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Genova, 16145 Genoa, ItalyThermochemical Power Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Genova, 16145 Genoa, ItalyPumped thermal energy storage (PTES) is a promising long-duration energy storage technology. Nevertheless, PTES shows intermediate round-trip efficiency (RTE—0.5 ÷ 0.7) and significant CAPEX. sCO<sub>2</sub> heat pumps and power cycles could reduce PTES CAPEX, particularly via reversible and flexible machines. Furthermore, the possibility to exploit freely available heat sources (such as waste heat and/or CSP inputs) could increase RTE, making the system capable of an apparent RTE > 100% as well as reducing CAPEX, avoiding the need for two TES systems. This paper analyses the potential valorization of industrial waste heat (WH) to enhance PTES thermodynamic performance as well as increase industrial energy efficiency, valorizing different levels of WH sources in the 100–400 °C temperature range. In fact, the use of additional heat, otherwise dumped into ambient surroundings, may contribute to avoiding the need for a second TES, thus enhancing plant competitiveness. Starting from an assessment of the most relevant industrial sectors to apply the proposed solution (looking at available WH and electric flexibility needed), this paper analyses the feasibility of a specific sCO<sub>2</sub>-based PTES case study, where the cycle is integrated into a cement production plant with a WH temperature of around 350 °C. It is demonstrated that the CAPEX of the proposed systems are still relevant and only a robust exploitation of the PTES in the ancillary service market could attract industrial customers’ interest in sCO<sub>2</sub> PTES.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6249Carnot batterieshigh-temperature heat pumppumped thermal energy storagelong-duration energy storagesCO<sub>2</sub> power cycles |
| spellingShingle | Stefano Barberis Simone Maccarini Syed Safeer Mehdi Shamsi Alberto Traverso Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage Systems Energies Carnot batteries high-temperature heat pump pumped thermal energy storage long-duration energy storage sCO<sub>2</sub> power cycles |
| title | Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage Systems |
| title_full | Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage Systems |
| title_fullStr | Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage Systems |
| title_short | Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage Systems |
| title_sort | untapping industrial flexibility via waste heat driven pumped thermal energy storage systems |
| topic | Carnot batteries high-temperature heat pump pumped thermal energy storage long-duration energy storage sCO<sub>2</sub> power cycles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/17/6249 |
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