Myosin Heavy-Chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Expression and Fibre Cross-Sectional Area in Masseter, Digastric, Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles of Young and Adult Rats
Different demands on the muscles of mastication may influence their functional profile (size and distribution of muscle fibre types), which may change during growth and maturation, potentially influencing craniofacial growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate mRNA expression and cross-sectional...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| author | Aikaterini Lagou Leandra Schaub Aouatef Ait-Lounis Balazs J. Denes Stavros Kiliaridis Gregory S. Antonarakis |
| author_facet | Aikaterini Lagou Leandra Schaub Aouatef Ait-Lounis Balazs J. Denes Stavros Kiliaridis Gregory S. Antonarakis |
| author_sort | Aikaterini Lagou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Different demands on the muscles of mastication may influence their functional profile (size and distribution of muscle fibre types), which may change during growth and maturation, potentially influencing craniofacial growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate mRNA expression and cross-sectional area of masticatory muscle fibres compared with limb muscles in young and adult rats. Twenty-four rats were sacrificed at two different ages, namely 12 at 4 weeks (young) and 12 at 26 weeks (adult). The masseter, digastric, gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were dissected. Gene expression of myosin heavy-chain isoforms <i>Myh7</i> (MyHC-I), <i>Myh2</i> (MyHC-IIa), <i>Myh4</i> (MyHC-IIb) and <i>Myh1</i> (MyHC-IIx) in the muscles was measured using qRT-PCR RNA analysis, and immunofluorescence staining was performed to measure the cross-sectional area of different muscle fibre types. Different muscle types and ages were compared. Significant differences were found in the functional profile between masticatory and limb muscles. For the masticatory muscles, there was an increase in <i>Myh4</i> expression with age, and this change was more intense for the masseter muscles, which also presented an increase in <i>Myh1</i> expression, similarly to limb muscles. The fibre cross-sectional area of the masticatory muscles was generally smaller in young rats; however, this difference was less pronounced than in limb muscles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:44:51Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:44:51Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-81ef05ec1ef14702a09319fdca8a0e052023-11-18T09:23:18ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-06-0112684210.3390/biology12060842Myosin Heavy-Chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Expression and Fibre Cross-Sectional Area in Masseter, Digastric, Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles of Young and Adult RatsAikaterini Lagou0Leandra Schaub1Aouatef Ait-Lounis2Balazs J. Denes3Stavros Kiliaridis4Gregory S. Antonarakis5Division of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandDivision of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandDivision of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandDivision of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandDivision of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandDivision of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandDifferent demands on the muscles of mastication may influence their functional profile (size and distribution of muscle fibre types), which may change during growth and maturation, potentially influencing craniofacial growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate mRNA expression and cross-sectional area of masticatory muscle fibres compared with limb muscles in young and adult rats. Twenty-four rats were sacrificed at two different ages, namely 12 at 4 weeks (young) and 12 at 26 weeks (adult). The masseter, digastric, gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were dissected. Gene expression of myosin heavy-chain isoforms <i>Myh7</i> (MyHC-I), <i>Myh2</i> (MyHC-IIa), <i>Myh4</i> (MyHC-IIb) and <i>Myh1</i> (MyHC-IIx) in the muscles was measured using qRT-PCR RNA analysis, and immunofluorescence staining was performed to measure the cross-sectional area of different muscle fibre types. Different muscle types and ages were compared. Significant differences were found in the functional profile between masticatory and limb muscles. For the masticatory muscles, there was an increase in <i>Myh4</i> expression with age, and this change was more intense for the masseter muscles, which also presented an increase in <i>Myh1</i> expression, similarly to limb muscles. The fibre cross-sectional area of the masticatory muscles was generally smaller in young rats; however, this difference was less pronounced than in limb muscles.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/6/842masticatory musclesmasticatory functiondiet |
| spellingShingle | Aikaterini Lagou Leandra Schaub Aouatef Ait-Lounis Balazs J. Denes Stavros Kiliaridis Gregory S. Antonarakis Myosin Heavy-Chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Expression and Fibre Cross-Sectional Area in Masseter, Digastric, Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles of Young and Adult Rats Biology masticatory muscles masticatory function diet |
| title | Myosin Heavy-Chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Expression and Fibre Cross-Sectional Area in Masseter, Digastric, Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles of Young and Adult Rats |
| title_full | Myosin Heavy-Chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Expression and Fibre Cross-Sectional Area in Masseter, Digastric, Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles of Young and Adult Rats |
| title_fullStr | Myosin Heavy-Chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Expression and Fibre Cross-Sectional Area in Masseter, Digastric, Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles of Young and Adult Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Myosin Heavy-Chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Expression and Fibre Cross-Sectional Area in Masseter, Digastric, Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles of Young and Adult Rats |
| title_short | Myosin Heavy-Chain Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Expression and Fibre Cross-Sectional Area in Masseter, Digastric, Gastrocnemius and Soleus Muscles of Young and Adult Rats |
| title_sort | myosin heavy chain messenger ribonucleic acid mrna expression and fibre cross sectional area in masseter digastric gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of young and adult rats |
| topic | masticatory muscles masticatory function diet |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/6/842 |
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