Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Investigating the Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) to Atrazine Stress
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a monotypic species widely planted in China. However, residual atrazine, a commonly used maize herbicide, in soil, is a major abiotic stress to millet. Here, we investigated atrazine tolerance in millet based on the field experiments, then obtained an atrazine-res...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.890550/full |
| _version_ | 1828335445858058240 |
|---|---|
| author | Lifang Sun Libin Liu Yuting Wang Yanfei Feng Wei Yang Di Wang Shuren Gao Xingfen Miao Wentao Sun |
| author_facet | Lifang Sun Libin Liu Yuting Wang Yanfei Feng Wei Yang Di Wang Shuren Gao Xingfen Miao Wentao Sun |
| author_sort | Lifang Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a monotypic species widely planted in China. However, residual atrazine, a commonly used maize herbicide, in soil, is a major abiotic stress to millet. Here, we investigated atrazine tolerance in millet based on the field experiments, then obtained an atrazine-resistant variety (Gongai2, GA2) and an atrazine-sensitive variety (Longgu31, LG31). To examine the effects of atrazine on genes and metabolites in millet plants, we compared the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles between GA2 and LG31 seedling leaves. The results showed that 2,208 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 501 upregulated, 1,707 downregulated) and 192 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs; 82 upregulated, 110 downregulate) were identified in atrazine-treated GA2, while in atrazine-treated LG31, 1,773 DEGs (761 upregulated, 1,012 downregulated) and 215 DEMs (95 upregulated, 120 downregulated) were identified. The bioinformatics analysis of DEGs and DEMs showed that many biosynthetic metabolism pathways were significantly enriched in GA2 and LG31, such as glutathione metabolism (oxiglutatione, γ-glutamylcysteine; GSTU6, GSTU1, GSTF1), amino acid biosynthesis (L-cysteine, N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid; ArgB, GS, hisC, POX1), and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis [trans-5-o-(4-coumaroyl)shikimate; HST, C3′H]. Meanwhile, the co-expression analysis indicated that GA2 plants had enhanced atrazine tolerance owing to improved glutathione metabolism and proline biosynthesis, and the enrichment of scopoletin may help LG31 plants resist atrazine stress. Herein, we screened an atrazine-resistant millet variety and generated valuable information that may deepen our understanding of the complex molecular mechanism underlying the response to atrazine stress in millet. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:47:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-820222c896f94607b0faad889554e9a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:47:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-820222c896f94607b0faad889554e9a02022-12-22T02:28:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-06-011310.3389/fpls.2022.890550890550Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Investigating the Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) to Atrazine StressLifang Sun0Libin Liu1Yuting Wang2Yanfei Feng3Wei Yang4Di Wang5Shuren Gao6Xingfen Miao7Wentao Sun8Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture of Northeast Plain in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture of Northeast Plain in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture of Northeast Plain in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture of Northeast Plain in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture of Northeast Plain in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture of Northeast Plain in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture of Northeast Plain in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Improvement and Cultivation in Cold Regions, Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture of Northeast Plain in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, ChinaHeilongjiang HYHC Company, Daqing, ChinaFoxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a monotypic species widely planted in China. However, residual atrazine, a commonly used maize herbicide, in soil, is a major abiotic stress to millet. Here, we investigated atrazine tolerance in millet based on the field experiments, then obtained an atrazine-resistant variety (Gongai2, GA2) and an atrazine-sensitive variety (Longgu31, LG31). To examine the effects of atrazine on genes and metabolites in millet plants, we compared the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles between GA2 and LG31 seedling leaves. The results showed that 2,208 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 501 upregulated, 1,707 downregulated) and 192 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs; 82 upregulated, 110 downregulate) were identified in atrazine-treated GA2, while in atrazine-treated LG31, 1,773 DEGs (761 upregulated, 1,012 downregulated) and 215 DEMs (95 upregulated, 120 downregulated) were identified. The bioinformatics analysis of DEGs and DEMs showed that many biosynthetic metabolism pathways were significantly enriched in GA2 and LG31, such as glutathione metabolism (oxiglutatione, γ-glutamylcysteine; GSTU6, GSTU1, GSTF1), amino acid biosynthesis (L-cysteine, N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid; ArgB, GS, hisC, POX1), and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis [trans-5-o-(4-coumaroyl)shikimate; HST, C3′H]. Meanwhile, the co-expression analysis indicated that GA2 plants had enhanced atrazine tolerance owing to improved glutathione metabolism and proline biosynthesis, and the enrichment of scopoletin may help LG31 plants resist atrazine stress. Herein, we screened an atrazine-resistant millet variety and generated valuable information that may deepen our understanding of the complex molecular mechanism underlying the response to atrazine stress in millet.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.890550/fullSetaria italicaatrazinemetabolomicstranscriptomicsstress |
| spellingShingle | Lifang Sun Libin Liu Yuting Wang Yanfei Feng Wei Yang Di Wang Shuren Gao Xingfen Miao Wentao Sun Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Investigating the Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) to Atrazine Stress Frontiers in Plant Science Setaria italica atrazine metabolomics transcriptomics stress |
| title | Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Investigating the Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) to Atrazine Stress |
| title_full | Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Investigating the Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) to Atrazine Stress |
| title_fullStr | Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Investigating the Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) to Atrazine Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Investigating the Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) to Atrazine Stress |
| title_short | Integration of Metabolomics and Transcriptomics for Investigating the Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) to Atrazine Stress |
| title_sort | integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics for investigating the tolerance of foxtail millet setaria italica to atrazine stress |
| topic | Setaria italica atrazine metabolomics transcriptomics stress |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.890550/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lifangsun integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress AT libinliu integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress AT yutingwang integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress AT yanfeifeng integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress AT weiyang integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress AT diwang integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress AT shurengao integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress AT xingfenmiao integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress AT wentaosun integrationofmetabolomicsandtranscriptomicsforinvestigatingthetoleranceoffoxtailmilletsetariaitalicatoatrazinestress |