Potential Role of Soluble Metal Impurities in the Acute Lung Inflammogenicity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have variable metal impurities, but little is known about the impact of soluble metal impurities on the toxicity of MWCNTs. Here, we evaluated the role of soluble metal impurities to the acute inflammogenic potential of MWCNTs, using five types of high purity M...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/2/379 |
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| author | Dong-Keun Lee Soyeon Jeon Jiyoung Jeong Il Je Yu Kyung Seuk Song Aeyeon Kang Wan Soo Yun Jong Sung Kim Wan-Seob Cho |
| author_facet | Dong-Keun Lee Soyeon Jeon Jiyoung Jeong Il Je Yu Kyung Seuk Song Aeyeon Kang Wan Soo Yun Jong Sung Kim Wan-Seob Cho |
| author_sort | Dong-Keun Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have variable metal impurities, but little is known about the impact of soluble metal impurities on the toxicity of MWCNTs. Here, we evaluated the role of soluble metal impurities to the acute inflammogenic potential of MWCNTs, using five types of high purity MWCNTs (>95%). MWCNTs and their soluble fractions collected at 24 h after incubation in phosphate-buffered saline showed diverse metal impurities with variable concentrations. The fiber-free soluble fractions produced variable levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the iron level was the key determinant for ROS production. The acute inflammation at 24 h after intratracheal instillation of MWCNTs to rats at 0.19, 0.63, and 1.91 mg MWCNT/kg body weight (bw) or fiber-free supernatants from MWCNT suspensions at 1.91 and 7.64 mg MWCNT/kg bw showed that the number of granulocytes, a marker for acute inflammation, was significantly increased with a good dose-dependency. The correlation study showed that neither the levels of iron nor the ROS generation potential of the soluble fractions showed any correlations with the inflammogenic potential. However, the total concentration of transition metals in the soluble fractions showed a good correlation with the acute lung inflammogenic potential. These results implied that metal impurities, especially transitional metals, can contribute to the acute inflammogenic potential of MWCNTs, although the major parameter for the toxicity of MWCNTs is size and shape. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T00:46:52Z |
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| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T00:46:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-820441cdba3746b6a9a25182f02d9d0a2022-12-22T00:05:01ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-02-0110237910.3390/nano10020379nano10020379Potential Role of Soluble Metal Impurities in the Acute Lung Inflammogenicity of Multi-Walled Carbon NanotubesDong-Keun Lee0Soyeon Jeon1Jiyoung Jeong2Il Je Yu3Kyung Seuk Song4Aeyeon Kang5Wan Soo Yun6Jong Sung Kim7Wan-Seob Cho8Lab of Toxicology, Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, KoreaLab of Toxicology, Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, KoreaLab of Toxicology, Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, KoreaHCTm Co., LTD., 74, Seoicheon-ro 578 beon-gil Majang-myeon, Icheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 17383, KoreaKorea Conformity Laboratories, 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145 beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16419, KoreaDepartment of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H4R2, CanadaLab of Toxicology, Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, KoreaMulti-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have variable metal impurities, but little is known about the impact of soluble metal impurities on the toxicity of MWCNTs. Here, we evaluated the role of soluble metal impurities to the acute inflammogenic potential of MWCNTs, using five types of high purity MWCNTs (>95%). MWCNTs and their soluble fractions collected at 24 h after incubation in phosphate-buffered saline showed diverse metal impurities with variable concentrations. The fiber-free soluble fractions produced variable levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the iron level was the key determinant for ROS production. The acute inflammation at 24 h after intratracheal instillation of MWCNTs to rats at 0.19, 0.63, and 1.91 mg MWCNT/kg body weight (bw) or fiber-free supernatants from MWCNT suspensions at 1.91 and 7.64 mg MWCNT/kg bw showed that the number of granulocytes, a marker for acute inflammation, was significantly increased with a good dose-dependency. The correlation study showed that neither the levels of iron nor the ROS generation potential of the soluble fractions showed any correlations with the inflammogenic potential. However, the total concentration of transition metals in the soluble fractions showed a good correlation with the acute lung inflammogenic potential. These results implied that metal impurities, especially transitional metals, can contribute to the acute inflammogenic potential of MWCNTs, although the major parameter for the toxicity of MWCNTs is size and shape.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/2/379inflammationlungmetal impuritiesmulti-walled carbon nanotubessoluble fractiontransitional metals |
| spellingShingle | Dong-Keun Lee Soyeon Jeon Jiyoung Jeong Il Je Yu Kyung Seuk Song Aeyeon Kang Wan Soo Yun Jong Sung Kim Wan-Seob Cho Potential Role of Soluble Metal Impurities in the Acute Lung Inflammogenicity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Nanomaterials inflammation lung metal impurities multi-walled carbon nanotubes soluble fraction transitional metals |
| title | Potential Role of Soluble Metal Impurities in the Acute Lung Inflammogenicity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_full | Potential Role of Soluble Metal Impurities in the Acute Lung Inflammogenicity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_fullStr | Potential Role of Soluble Metal Impurities in the Acute Lung Inflammogenicity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential Role of Soluble Metal Impurities in the Acute Lung Inflammogenicity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_short | Potential Role of Soluble Metal Impurities in the Acute Lung Inflammogenicity of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes |
| title_sort | potential role of soluble metal impurities in the acute lung inflammogenicity of multi walled carbon nanotubes |
| topic | inflammation lung metal impurities multi-walled carbon nanotubes soluble fraction transitional metals |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/2/379 |
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