Application of Synthetic Biology Approaches to High-Yield Production of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation reaching the Earth’s surface is a major societal concern, and therefore, there is a significant consumer demand for cosmetics formulated to mitigate the harmful effects of UV radiation. Synthetic sunscreens being formulated to block UV penetration include inorganic metal o...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Fermentation |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/7/669 |
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| author | Varsha K. Singh Sapana Jha Palak Rana Amit Gupta Ashish P. Singh Neha Kumari Sonal Mishra Prashant R. Singh Jyoti Jaiswal Rajeshwar P. Sinha |
| author_facet | Varsha K. Singh Sapana Jha Palak Rana Amit Gupta Ashish P. Singh Neha Kumari Sonal Mishra Prashant R. Singh Jyoti Jaiswal Rajeshwar P. Sinha |
| author_sort | Varsha K. Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ultraviolet (UV) radiation reaching the Earth’s surface is a major societal concern, and therefore, there is a significant consumer demand for cosmetics formulated to mitigate the harmful effects of UV radiation. Synthetic sunscreens being formulated to block UV penetration include inorganic metal oxide particles and organic filters. Lately, organic UV-absorbing compounds are manufactured from non-renewable petrochemicals and, as a result, there is a need to develop a sustainable manufacturing process for efficient, high-level production of a naturally occurring group of UV-absorbing compounds, namely mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), for use as a sunscreen additive to skincare products. Currently, the commercial production of MAAs for use in sunscreens is not a viable proposition due to the low yield and the lack of fermentation technology associated with native MAA-producing organisms. This review summarizes the biochemical properties of MAAs, the biosynthetic gene clusters and transcriptional regulations, the associated carbon-flux-driving processes, and the host selection and biosynthetic strategies, with the aim to expand our understanding on engineering suitable cyanobacteria for cost-effective production of natural sunscreens in future practices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:05:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-82185eb08b7c4a638ac242afd49e67d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:05:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-82185eb08b7c4a638ac242afd49e67d02023-11-18T19:16:44ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372023-07-019766910.3390/fermentation9070669Application of Synthetic Biology Approaches to High-Yield Production of Mycosporine-like Amino AcidsVarsha K. Singh0Sapana Jha1Palak Rana2Amit Gupta3Ashish P. Singh4Neha Kumari5Sonal Mishra6Prashant R. Singh7Jyoti Jaiswal8Rajeshwar P. Sinha9Laboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaLaboratory of Photobiology and Molecular Microbiology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, IndiaUltraviolet (UV) radiation reaching the Earth’s surface is a major societal concern, and therefore, there is a significant consumer demand for cosmetics formulated to mitigate the harmful effects of UV radiation. Synthetic sunscreens being formulated to block UV penetration include inorganic metal oxide particles and organic filters. Lately, organic UV-absorbing compounds are manufactured from non-renewable petrochemicals and, as a result, there is a need to develop a sustainable manufacturing process for efficient, high-level production of a naturally occurring group of UV-absorbing compounds, namely mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), for use as a sunscreen additive to skincare products. Currently, the commercial production of MAAs for use in sunscreens is not a viable proposition due to the low yield and the lack of fermentation technology associated with native MAA-producing organisms. This review summarizes the biochemical properties of MAAs, the biosynthetic gene clusters and transcriptional regulations, the associated carbon-flux-driving processes, and the host selection and biosynthetic strategies, with the aim to expand our understanding on engineering suitable cyanobacteria for cost-effective production of natural sunscreens in future practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/7/669biosynthetic gene clustersmycosporine-like amino acidssunscreenssynthetic biology |
| spellingShingle | Varsha K. Singh Sapana Jha Palak Rana Amit Gupta Ashish P. Singh Neha Kumari Sonal Mishra Prashant R. Singh Jyoti Jaiswal Rajeshwar P. Sinha Application of Synthetic Biology Approaches to High-Yield Production of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids Fermentation biosynthetic gene clusters mycosporine-like amino acids sunscreens synthetic biology |
| title | Application of Synthetic Biology Approaches to High-Yield Production of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids |
| title_full | Application of Synthetic Biology Approaches to High-Yield Production of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids |
| title_fullStr | Application of Synthetic Biology Approaches to High-Yield Production of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Synthetic Biology Approaches to High-Yield Production of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids |
| title_short | Application of Synthetic Biology Approaches to High-Yield Production of Mycosporine-like Amino Acids |
| title_sort | application of synthetic biology approaches to high yield production of mycosporine like amino acids |
| topic | biosynthetic gene clusters mycosporine-like amino acids sunscreens synthetic biology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/7/669 |
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