Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 90% of oral malignant neoplasms. The search for specific biomarkers for OSCC is a very active field of research contributing to establishing early diagnostic methods and unraveling underlying pathogenic mechanisms. In this work we investigated the saliv...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/10/650 |
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| author | Mariana de Sá Alves Nayara de Sá Rodrigues Celso Muller Bandeira José Francisco Sales Chagas Maria Beatriz Nogueira Pascoal Gabrielle Luana Jimenez Teodoro Nepomuceno Herculano da Silva Martinho Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves Maria Anita Mendes Meriellen Dias Levy Anderson César Alves Janete Dias Almeida |
| author_facet | Mariana de Sá Alves Nayara de Sá Rodrigues Celso Muller Bandeira José Francisco Sales Chagas Maria Beatriz Nogueira Pascoal Gabrielle Luana Jimenez Teodoro Nepomuceno Herculano da Silva Martinho Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves Maria Anita Mendes Meriellen Dias Levy Anderson César Alves Janete Dias Almeida |
| author_sort | Mariana de Sá Alves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 90% of oral malignant neoplasms. The search for specific biomarkers for OSCC is a very active field of research contributing to establishing early diagnostic methods and unraveling underlying pathogenic mechanisms. In this work we investigated the salivary metabolites and the metabolic pathways of OSCC aiming find possible biomarkers. Salivary metabolites samples from 27 OSCC patients and 41 control individuals were compared through a gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) technique. Our results allowed identification of pathways of the malate-aspartate shuttle, the beta-alanine metabolism, and the Warburg effect. The possible salivary biomarkers were identified using the area under receiver-operating curve (AUC) criterion. Twenty-four metabolites were identified with AUC > 0.8. Using the threshold of AUC = 0.9 we find malic acid, maltose, protocatechuic acid, lactose, 2-ketoadipic, and catechol metabolites expressed. We notice that this is the first report of salivary metabolome in South American oral cancer patients, to the best of our knowledge. Our findings regarding these metabolic changes are important in discovering salivary biomarkers of OSCC patients. However, additional work needs to be performed considering larger populations to validate our results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:24:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-822ce5b65dea4845be82357cc76b87bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:24:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-822ce5b65dea4845be82357cc76b87bf2023-11-22T19:06:50ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892021-09-01111065010.3390/metabo11100650Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell CarcinomaMariana de Sá Alves0Nayara de Sá Rodrigues1Celso Muller Bandeira2José Francisco Sales Chagas3Maria Beatriz Nogueira Pascoal4Gabrielle Luana Jimenez Teodoro Nepomuceno5Herculano da Silva Martinho6Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves7Maria Anita Mendes8Meriellen Dias9Levy Anderson César Alves10Janete Dias Almeida11Department of Biosciences and Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, BrazilDepartment of Biosciences and Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, BrazilDepartment of Biosciences and Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, BrazilDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas 13086-900, BrazilDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of the Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Campinas 13086-900, BrazilCentro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Santo André 09210-580, BrazilCentro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, 5001, Santo André 09210-580, BrazilSchool of Dentistry, Universidade Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes 08780-911, BrazilDempster MS Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-040, BrazilDempster MS Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-040, BrazilDempster MS Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-040, BrazilDepartment of Biosciences and Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos 12245-000, BrazilOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 90% of oral malignant neoplasms. The search for specific biomarkers for OSCC is a very active field of research contributing to establishing early diagnostic methods and unraveling underlying pathogenic mechanisms. In this work we investigated the salivary metabolites and the metabolic pathways of OSCC aiming find possible biomarkers. Salivary metabolites samples from 27 OSCC patients and 41 control individuals were compared through a gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) technique. Our results allowed identification of pathways of the malate-aspartate shuttle, the beta-alanine metabolism, and the Warburg effect. The possible salivary biomarkers were identified using the area under receiver-operating curve (AUC) criterion. Twenty-four metabolites were identified with AUC > 0.8. Using the threshold of AUC = 0.9 we find malic acid, maltose, protocatechuic acid, lactose, 2-ketoadipic, and catechol metabolites expressed. We notice that this is the first report of salivary metabolome in South American oral cancer patients, to the best of our knowledge. Our findings regarding these metabolic changes are important in discovering salivary biomarkers of OSCC patients. However, additional work needs to be performed considering larger populations to validate our results.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/10/650metabolomicsbiomarkersmetabolitesoral squamous cell carcinomaoral cancersaliva |
| spellingShingle | Mariana de Sá Alves Nayara de Sá Rodrigues Celso Muller Bandeira José Francisco Sales Chagas Maria Beatriz Nogueira Pascoal Gabrielle Luana Jimenez Teodoro Nepomuceno Herculano da Silva Martinho Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves Maria Anita Mendes Meriellen Dias Levy Anderson César Alves Janete Dias Almeida Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metabolites metabolomics biomarkers metabolites oral squamous cell carcinoma oral cancer saliva |
| title | Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full | Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_short | Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_sort | identification of possible salivary metabolic biomarkers and altered metabolic pathways in south american patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| topic | metabolomics biomarkers metabolites oral squamous cell carcinoma oral cancer saliva |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/10/650 |
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