Self-Reported Intake and Circulating EPA and DHA Concentrations in US Pregnant Women
In the United States, pregnant women have low concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are essential for fetal development. Although maternal blood provides accurate polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations, venipuncture is expensive and not always...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/7/1753 |
| _version_ | 1797607271664975872 |
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| author | Keri Lanier Breanna Wisseman Cody Strom Carol A. Johnston Christy Isler James DeVente Edward Newton Roman Pawlak Brittany R. Allman-Tucker Samantha McDonald Linda E. May |
| author_facet | Keri Lanier Breanna Wisseman Cody Strom Carol A. Johnston Christy Isler James DeVente Edward Newton Roman Pawlak Brittany R. Allman-Tucker Samantha McDonald Linda E. May |
| author_sort | Keri Lanier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the United States, pregnant women have low concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are essential for fetal development. Although maternal blood provides accurate polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations, venipuncture is expensive and not always accessible. PUFA-containing foods consumption, both omega-3 ad omega-6 is supposed to reflect in the status (plasma, RBC, adipose tissue) of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). De novo synthesis of DHA and EPA during pregnancy is supposed to be higher compared to pre and/or post-pregnancy periods. Thus, this study aimed to determine the association between maternal self-reported dietary intake of foods high in DHA and EPA, along with vegetable oils as a source of omega-6 fatty acids, with maternal blood DHA and EPA concentrations. Pregnant women (13–16 weeks gestation) were recruited and asked to complete a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and blood draw at enrollment and 36 weeks. Circulating concentrations of DHA and EPA were quantified and change scores were calculated. Correlations were done to determine associations between FFQ results and EPA/DHA maternal blood concentrations. Regression analyses were run to examine significant predictors of the main outcomes. Overall, PUFA-food consumption and RBC’s DHA levels decreased from early to late pregnancy; self-reported PUFA-rich food consumption positively correlated with DHA and EPA levels. DHA concentration was predicted by self-reported PUFA-rich oils (sunflower/soy/corn/olive) consumption, but EPA concentration was predicted by maternal BMI. These findings suggest that EPA and DHA consumption decreased across pregnancy and the FFQ can be utilized as an effective method for estimating PUFA blood concentration during pregnancy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8232026f5f4c44dbac974772f5290dfc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:27:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-8232026f5f4c44dbac974772f5290dfc2023-11-17T17:21:34ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-04-01157175310.3390/nu15071753Self-Reported Intake and Circulating EPA and DHA Concentrations in US Pregnant WomenKeri Lanier0Breanna Wisseman1Cody Strom2Carol A. Johnston3Christy Isler4James DeVente5Edward Newton6Roman Pawlak7Brittany R. Allman-Tucker8Samantha McDonald9Linda E. May10School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Lillington, NC 27546, USADepartment of Kinesiology, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Kinesiology and Sport, University of Southern Indiana, Evansville, IN 47712, USADepartment of Human Development and Family Science, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Nutrition, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27858, USADepartment of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR 72035, USAKinesiology and Recreation, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790, USADepartment of Kinesiology, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27858, USAIn the United States, pregnant women have low concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which are essential for fetal development. Although maternal blood provides accurate polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations, venipuncture is expensive and not always accessible. PUFA-containing foods consumption, both omega-3 ad omega-6 is supposed to reflect in the status (plasma, RBC, adipose tissue) of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). De novo synthesis of DHA and EPA during pregnancy is supposed to be higher compared to pre and/or post-pregnancy periods. Thus, this study aimed to determine the association between maternal self-reported dietary intake of foods high in DHA and EPA, along with vegetable oils as a source of omega-6 fatty acids, with maternal blood DHA and EPA concentrations. Pregnant women (13–16 weeks gestation) were recruited and asked to complete a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and blood draw at enrollment and 36 weeks. Circulating concentrations of DHA and EPA were quantified and change scores were calculated. Correlations were done to determine associations between FFQ results and EPA/DHA maternal blood concentrations. Regression analyses were run to examine significant predictors of the main outcomes. Overall, PUFA-food consumption and RBC’s DHA levels decreased from early to late pregnancy; self-reported PUFA-rich food consumption positively correlated with DHA and EPA levels. DHA concentration was predicted by self-reported PUFA-rich oils (sunflower/soy/corn/olive) consumption, but EPA concentration was predicted by maternal BMI. These findings suggest that EPA and DHA consumption decreased across pregnancy and the FFQ can be utilized as an effective method for estimating PUFA blood concentration during pregnancy.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/7/1753dietary assessmentfood intakepolyunsaturated fatty acidDHAEPApregnancy |
| spellingShingle | Keri Lanier Breanna Wisseman Cody Strom Carol A. Johnston Christy Isler James DeVente Edward Newton Roman Pawlak Brittany R. Allman-Tucker Samantha McDonald Linda E. May Self-Reported Intake and Circulating EPA and DHA Concentrations in US Pregnant Women Nutrients dietary assessment food intake polyunsaturated fatty acid DHA EPA pregnancy |
| title | Self-Reported Intake and Circulating EPA and DHA Concentrations in US Pregnant Women |
| title_full | Self-Reported Intake and Circulating EPA and DHA Concentrations in US Pregnant Women |
| title_fullStr | Self-Reported Intake and Circulating EPA and DHA Concentrations in US Pregnant Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-Reported Intake and Circulating EPA and DHA Concentrations in US Pregnant Women |
| title_short | Self-Reported Intake and Circulating EPA and DHA Concentrations in US Pregnant Women |
| title_sort | self reported intake and circulating epa and dha concentrations in us pregnant women |
| topic | dietary assessment food intake polyunsaturated fatty acid DHA EPA pregnancy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/7/1753 |
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