Preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adults
Abstract Background Milk exosomes and their microRNA (miR) cargos are bioavailable. The content of exosomes and miRs is negligible in infant formulas compared to human milk, and dietary depletion of exosomes led to changes in bacterial communities and impaired gut health in juvenile mice. Adverse ef...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-022-00503-0 |
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| author | Ezra Mutai Alice Kah Hui Ngu Janos Zempleni |
| author_facet | Ezra Mutai Alice Kah Hui Ngu Janos Zempleni |
| author_sort | Ezra Mutai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Milk exosomes and their microRNA (miR) cargos are bioavailable. The content of exosomes and miRs is negligible in infant formulas compared to human milk, and dietary depletion of exosomes led to changes in bacterial communities and impaired gut health in juvenile mice. Adverse effects of formula feeding may be compounded by using soy formulas due to exosome binding by abundant lectins in that matrix. The purpose of this study was to assess the bioavailability of milk exosomes and their miR cargos added to soy formula in adults, as well as the potential role of soy lectins in exosome bioavailability. Methods Eleven healthy adults (6 men, 5 women) enrolled in this randomized crossover study. Participants consumed 1.0 l of soy formula without (SF) or with (SFE) bovine milk exosomes added. Concentration-time curves of six plasma miRs were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Lectin affinity chromatography was used to assess the binding of exosomes by soy lectins. Data were analyzed by using paired t test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Consumption of SF and SFE did not elicit postprandial increases in plasma miRs. Approximately 39% of bovine milk exosome particles were retained by lectin columns. Conclusions We conclude that fortification of soy formulas with milk exosomes, in the absence of removing lectins, is not a viable strategy for delivering bioavailable exosomes and their miR cargos. Lectins in soy formulas bind glycoprotein on the surfaces of milk exosomes, thereby preventing exosome absorption. Trial registration ISRCTN registry ID: 16329971 . Retrospectively registered on February 7th, 2019. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T19:36:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8233c02bf30f4ab4a3ca8b9bfb76f029 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-0928 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T19:36:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-8233c02bf30f4ab4a3ca8b9bfb76f0292022-12-21T17:33:46ZengBMCBMC Nutrition2055-09282022-01-01811610.1186/s40795-022-00503-0Preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adultsEzra Mutai0Alice Kah Hui Ngu1Janos Zempleni2Present address: Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-LincolnPresent address: Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-LincolnPresent address: Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-LincolnAbstract Background Milk exosomes and their microRNA (miR) cargos are bioavailable. The content of exosomes and miRs is negligible in infant formulas compared to human milk, and dietary depletion of exosomes led to changes in bacterial communities and impaired gut health in juvenile mice. Adverse effects of formula feeding may be compounded by using soy formulas due to exosome binding by abundant lectins in that matrix. The purpose of this study was to assess the bioavailability of milk exosomes and their miR cargos added to soy formula in adults, as well as the potential role of soy lectins in exosome bioavailability. Methods Eleven healthy adults (6 men, 5 women) enrolled in this randomized crossover study. Participants consumed 1.0 l of soy formula without (SF) or with (SFE) bovine milk exosomes added. Concentration-time curves of six plasma miRs were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Lectin affinity chromatography was used to assess the binding of exosomes by soy lectins. Data were analyzed by using paired t test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Consumption of SF and SFE did not elicit postprandial increases in plasma miRs. Approximately 39% of bovine milk exosome particles were retained by lectin columns. Conclusions We conclude that fortification of soy formulas with milk exosomes, in the absence of removing lectins, is not a viable strategy for delivering bioavailable exosomes and their miR cargos. Lectins in soy formulas bind glycoprotein on the surfaces of milk exosomes, thereby preventing exosome absorption. Trial registration ISRCTN registry ID: 16329971 . Retrospectively registered on February 7th, 2019.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-022-00503-0BioavailabilityBovine milk exosomesHumanInfant soy formulaLectinsmicroRNA |
| spellingShingle | Ezra Mutai Alice Kah Hui Ngu Janos Zempleni Preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adults BMC Nutrition Bioavailability Bovine milk exosomes Human Infant soy formula Lectins microRNA |
| title | Preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adults |
| title_full | Preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adults |
| title_fullStr | Preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adults |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adults |
| title_short | Preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adults |
| title_sort | preliminary evidence that lectins in infant soy formula apparently bind bovine milk exosomes and prevent their absorption in healthy adults |
| topic | Bioavailability Bovine milk exosomes Human Infant soy formula Lectins microRNA |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-022-00503-0 |
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