Effect of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Levels on the Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production and the Rumen Fermentation Profile of Alfalfa-Based Diets
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different percentages of alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) hay (AH) and doses of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in the diet on the mitigation of greenhouse gas production, the in vitro rumen fermentation profile and methane (CH<s...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1719 |
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| author | Oscar Vicente Vazquez-Mendoza Veronica Andrade-Yucailla Mona Mohamed Mohamed Yasseen Elghandour Diego Armando Masaquiza-Moposita Jorge Adalberto Cayetano-De-Jesús Edwin Rafael Alvarado-Ramírez Moyosore Joseph Adegbeye Marcos Barros-Rodríguez Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem |
| author_facet | Oscar Vicente Vazquez-Mendoza Veronica Andrade-Yucailla Mona Mohamed Mohamed Yasseen Elghandour Diego Armando Masaquiza-Moposita Jorge Adalberto Cayetano-De-Jesús Edwin Rafael Alvarado-Ramírez Moyosore Joseph Adegbeye Marcos Barros-Rodríguez Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem |
| author_sort | Oscar Vicente Vazquez-Mendoza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different percentages of alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) hay (AH) and doses of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in the diet on the mitigation of greenhouse gas production, the in vitro rumen fermentation profile and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) conversion efficiency. AH percentages were defined for the diets of beef and dairy cattle, as well as under grazing conditions (10 (AH10), 25 (AH25) and 100% (AH100)), while the GAA doses were 0 (control), 0.0005, 0.0010, 0.0015, 0.0020, 0.0025 and 0.0030 g g<sup>−1</sup> DM diet. With an increased dose of GAA, the total gas production (GP) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) increased (<i>p</i> = 0.0439) in the AH10 diet, while in AH25 diet, no effect was observed (<i>p</i> = 0.1311), and in AH100, GP and CH<sub>4</sub> levels decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0113). In addition, the increase in GAA decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0042) the proportion of CH<sub>4</sub> in the AH25 diet, with no influence (<i>p</i> = 0.1050) on CH<sub>4</sub> in the AH10 and AH100 diet groups. Carbon monoxide production decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0227) in the AH100 diet with most GAA doses, and the other diets did not show an effect (<i>p</i> = 0.0617) on carbon monoxide, while the production of hydrogen sulfide decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0441) in the AH10 and AH100 diets with the addition of GAA, with no effect observed in association with the AH25 diet (<i>p</i> = 0.3162). The pH level increased (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and dry matter degradation (DMD) decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) when AH was increased from 10 to 25%, while 25 to 100% AH contents had the opposite effect. In addition, with an increased GAA dose, only the pH in the AH100 diet increased (<i>p</i> = 0.0142 and <i>p</i> = 0.0023) the DMD in the AH10 diet group. Similarly, GAA influenced (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) SCFA, ME and CH<sub>4</sub> conversion efficiency but only in the AH10 diet group. In this diet group, it was observed that with an increased dose of GAA, SCFA and ME increased (<i>p</i> = 0.0002), while CH<sub>4</sub> per unit of OM decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) only with doses of 0.0010, 0.0015 and 0.0020 g, with no effect on CH<sub>4</sub> per unit of SCFA and ME (<i>p</i> = 0.1790 and <i>p</i> = 0.1343). In conclusion, the positive effects of GAA depend on the percentage of AH, and diets with 25 and 100% AH showed very little improvement with the addition of GAA, while the diet with 10% AH presented the best results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-823c8c3a1b9a4e868ccda92290f06d62 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:12:34Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-823c8c3a1b9a4e868ccda92290f06d622023-11-18T07:28:49ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-05-011311171910.3390/ani13111719Effect of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Levels on the Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production and the Rumen Fermentation Profile of Alfalfa-Based DietsOscar Vicente Vazquez-Mendoza0Veronica Andrade-Yucailla1Mona Mohamed Mohamed Yasseen Elghandour2Diego Armando Masaquiza-Moposita3Jorge Adalberto Cayetano-De-Jesús4Edwin Rafael Alvarado-Ramírez5Moyosore Joseph Adegbeye6Marcos Barros-Rodríguez7Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem8Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50295, MexicoCentro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena, La Libertad 240204, EcuadorFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50295, MexicoFacultad de Ciencias Pecuarias, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Sede Orellana, El Coca 220150, EcuadorFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50295, MexicoUnidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Mante, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, El Mante 89840, MexicoDepartment of Animal Production and Health, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340110, NigeriaFacultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Cevallos 1801334, EcuadorFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50295, MexicoThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different percentages of alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) hay (AH) and doses of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) in the diet on the mitigation of greenhouse gas production, the in vitro rumen fermentation profile and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) conversion efficiency. AH percentages were defined for the diets of beef and dairy cattle, as well as under grazing conditions (10 (AH10), 25 (AH25) and 100% (AH100)), while the GAA doses were 0 (control), 0.0005, 0.0010, 0.0015, 0.0020, 0.0025 and 0.0030 g g<sup>−1</sup> DM diet. With an increased dose of GAA, the total gas production (GP) and methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) increased (<i>p</i> = 0.0439) in the AH10 diet, while in AH25 diet, no effect was observed (<i>p</i> = 0.1311), and in AH100, GP and CH<sub>4</sub> levels decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0113). In addition, the increase in GAA decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0042) the proportion of CH<sub>4</sub> in the AH25 diet, with no influence (<i>p</i> = 0.1050) on CH<sub>4</sub> in the AH10 and AH100 diet groups. Carbon monoxide production decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0227) in the AH100 diet with most GAA doses, and the other diets did not show an effect (<i>p</i> = 0.0617) on carbon monoxide, while the production of hydrogen sulfide decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0441) in the AH10 and AH100 diets with the addition of GAA, with no effect observed in association with the AH25 diet (<i>p</i> = 0.3162). The pH level increased (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and dry matter degradation (DMD) decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) when AH was increased from 10 to 25%, while 25 to 100% AH contents had the opposite effect. In addition, with an increased GAA dose, only the pH in the AH100 diet increased (<i>p</i> = 0.0142 and <i>p</i> = 0.0023) the DMD in the AH10 diet group. Similarly, GAA influenced (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) SCFA, ME and CH<sub>4</sub> conversion efficiency but only in the AH10 diet group. In this diet group, it was observed that with an increased dose of GAA, SCFA and ME increased (<i>p</i> = 0.0002), while CH<sub>4</sub> per unit of OM decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) only with doses of 0.0010, 0.0015 and 0.0020 g, with no effect on CH<sub>4</sub> per unit of SCFA and ME (<i>p</i> = 0.1790 and <i>p</i> = 0.1343). In conclusion, the positive effects of GAA depend on the percentage of AH, and diets with 25 and 100% AH showed very little improvement with the addition of GAA, while the diet with 10% AH presented the best results.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1719alfalfacarbon monoxideenteric methaneguanidinoacetic acidhydrogen sulfiderumen fermentation |
| spellingShingle | Oscar Vicente Vazquez-Mendoza Veronica Andrade-Yucailla Mona Mohamed Mohamed Yasseen Elghandour Diego Armando Masaquiza-Moposita Jorge Adalberto Cayetano-De-Jesús Edwin Rafael Alvarado-Ramírez Moyosore Joseph Adegbeye Marcos Barros-Rodríguez Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem Effect of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Levels on the Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production and the Rumen Fermentation Profile of Alfalfa-Based Diets Animals alfalfa carbon monoxide enteric methane guanidinoacetic acid hydrogen sulfide rumen fermentation |
| title | Effect of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Levels on the Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production and the Rumen Fermentation Profile of Alfalfa-Based Diets |
| title_full | Effect of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Levels on the Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production and the Rumen Fermentation Profile of Alfalfa-Based Diets |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Levels on the Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production and the Rumen Fermentation Profile of Alfalfa-Based Diets |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Levels on the Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production and the Rumen Fermentation Profile of Alfalfa-Based Diets |
| title_short | Effect of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid Levels on the Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Production and the Rumen Fermentation Profile of Alfalfa-Based Diets |
| title_sort | effect of dietary guanidinoacetic acid levels on the mitigation of greenhouse gas production and the rumen fermentation profile of alfalfa based diets |
| topic | alfalfa carbon monoxide enteric methane guanidinoacetic acid hydrogen sulfide rumen fermentation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/11/1719 |
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