Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation
The STAY-GREEN (SGR) proteins play an important role in chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and are closely related to plant photosynthesis. However, the availability of inadequate studies on SGR motivated us to conduct a comprehensive study on the identification and functional dissection of SGR superfami...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/1993 |
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| author | Juan Luo Muhammad Abid Yi Zhang Xinxia Cai Jing Tu Puxin Gao Zupeng Wang Hongwen Huang |
| author_facet | Juan Luo Muhammad Abid Yi Zhang Xinxia Cai Jing Tu Puxin Gao Zupeng Wang Hongwen Huang |
| author_sort | Juan Luo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The STAY-GREEN (SGR) proteins play an important role in chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and are closely related to plant photosynthesis. However, the availability of inadequate studies on SGR motivated us to conduct a comprehensive study on the identification and functional dissection of SGR superfamily members in kiwifruit. Here, we identified five <i>SGR</i> genes for each of the kiwifruit species [<i>Actinidia chinensis</i> (Ac) and <i>Actinidia eriantha</i> (Ae)]. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> superfamily members were divided into two subfamilies the SGR subfamily and the SGRL subfamily. The results of transcriptome data and RT-qPCR showed that the expression of the kiwifruit <i>SGRs</i> was closely related to light and plant developmental stages (regulated by plant growth regulators), which were further supported by the presence of light and the plant hormone-responsive <i>cis</i>-regulatory element in the promoter region. The subcellular localization analysis of the AcSGR2 protein confirmed its localization in the chloroplast. The Fv/Fm, SPAD value, and Chl contents were decreased in overexpressed <i>AcSGR2</i>, but varied in different cultivars of <i>A</i>. <i>chinensis</i>. The sequence analysis showed significant differences within AcSGR2 proteins. Our findings provide valuable insights into the characteristics and evolutionary patterns of <i>SGR</i> genes in kiwifruit, and shall assist kiwifruit breeders to enhance cultivar development. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:42:55Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-823d479919f540278183d89d82ad38432023-11-16T16:50:44ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-01-01243199310.3390/ijms24031993Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll DegradationJuan Luo0Muhammad Abid1Yi Zhang2Xinxia Cai3Jing Tu4Puxin Gao5Zupeng Wang6Hongwen Huang7Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, ChinaLushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, ChinaLushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, ChinaLushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, ChinaLushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, ChinaLushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, ChinaEngineering Laboratory for Kiwifruit Industrial Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, ChinaLushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, ChinaThe STAY-GREEN (SGR) proteins play an important role in chlorophyll (Chl) degradation and are closely related to plant photosynthesis. However, the availability of inadequate studies on SGR motivated us to conduct a comprehensive study on the identification and functional dissection of SGR superfamily members in kiwifruit. Here, we identified five <i>SGR</i> genes for each of the kiwifruit species [<i>Actinidia chinensis</i> (Ac) and <i>Actinidia eriantha</i> (Ae)]. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> superfamily members were divided into two subfamilies the SGR subfamily and the SGRL subfamily. The results of transcriptome data and RT-qPCR showed that the expression of the kiwifruit <i>SGRs</i> was closely related to light and plant developmental stages (regulated by plant growth regulators), which were further supported by the presence of light and the plant hormone-responsive <i>cis</i>-regulatory element in the promoter region. The subcellular localization analysis of the AcSGR2 protein confirmed its localization in the chloroplast. The Fv/Fm, SPAD value, and Chl contents were decreased in overexpressed <i>AcSGR2</i>, but varied in different cultivars of <i>A</i>. <i>chinensis</i>. The sequence analysis showed significant differences within AcSGR2 proteins. Our findings provide valuable insights into the characteristics and evolutionary patterns of <i>SGR</i> genes in kiwifruit, and shall assist kiwifruit breeders to enhance cultivar development.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/1993<i>Actinidia chinensis</i><i>Actinidia eriantha</i>STAY-GREENAcSGR2chlorophyll degradation metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Juan Luo Muhammad Abid Yi Zhang Xinxia Cai Jing Tu Puxin Gao Zupeng Wang Hongwen Huang Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Actinidia chinensis</i> <i>Actinidia eriantha</i> STAY-GREEN AcSGR2 chlorophyll degradation metabolism |
| title | Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation |
| title_full | Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation |
| title_short | Genome-Wide Identification of Kiwifruit <i>SGR</i> Family Members and Functional Characterization of SGR2 Protein for Chlorophyll Degradation |
| title_sort | genome wide identification of kiwifruit i sgr i family members and functional characterization of sgr2 protein for chlorophyll degradation |
| topic | <i>Actinidia chinensis</i> <i>Actinidia eriantha</i> STAY-GREEN AcSGR2 chlorophyll degradation metabolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/3/1993 |
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