Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic‐induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs
Abstract Background Synbiotics decrease antibiotic‐associated gastrointestinal signs (AAGS) in cats, but data supporting synbiotic use to ameliorate AAGS in dogs are lacking. Objectives To determine if administration of synbiotics mitigates AAGS in dogs. Animals Twenty‐two healthy research dogs. Met...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15553 |
| _version_ | 1811237822924849152 |
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| author | Jacqueline C. Whittemore Tamberlyn D. Moyers Joshua M. Price |
| author_facet | Jacqueline C. Whittemore Tamberlyn D. Moyers Joshua M. Price |
| author_sort | Jacqueline C. Whittemore |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Synbiotics decrease antibiotic‐associated gastrointestinal signs (AAGS) in cats, but data supporting synbiotic use to ameliorate AAGS in dogs are lacking. Objectives To determine if administration of synbiotics mitigates AAGS in dogs. Animals Twenty‐two healthy research dogs. Methods Randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, 2‐way, 2‐period, crossover study with an 8‐week washout period. Each period included a 1‐week baseline and 3‐week treatment phase. Dogs received enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg PO q24h) and metronidazole (12.5 mg/kg PO q12h), followed 1 hour later by a bacterial/yeast synbiotic combination or placebo. Food intake, vomiting, and fecal score were compared using repeated‐measures crossover analyses, with P < .05 considered significant. Results Hyporexia, vomiting, and diarrhea occurred in 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21‐64), 77% (95% CI, 55‐92), and 100% (95% CI, 85‐100) of dogs, respectively, during the first treatment period. Derangements in food intake were smaller in both periods for dogs receiving synbiotics (F‐value, 5.1; P = .04) with treatment‐by‐period interactions (F‐value, 6.0; P = .02). Days of vomiting differed over time (F‐value, 4.7; P = .006). Fecal scores increased over time (F‐value, 33.5; P < .001), were lower during period 2 (F‐value, 14.5; P = .001), and had treatment‐by‐period effects (F‐value, 4.8; P = .04). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Enrofloxacin/metronidazole administration is associated with a high frequency of AAGS. Synbiotic administration decreases food intake derangements. The presence of milder AAGS in period 2 suggests that clinical effects of synbiotics persist >9 weeks after discontinuation, mitigating AAGS in dogs being treated with antibiotics followed by placebo. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:29:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8244b95834a9458f90c3680466e6dbca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:29:51Z |
| publishDate | 2019-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-8244b95834a9458f90c3680466e6dbca2022-12-22T03:33:03ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762019-07-013341619162610.1111/jvim.15553Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic‐induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogsJacqueline C. Whittemore0Tamberlyn D. Moyers1Joshua M. Price2Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee Knoxville TennesseeDepartment of Small Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee Knoxville TennesseeOffice of Information Technology College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee Knoxville TennesseeAbstract Background Synbiotics decrease antibiotic‐associated gastrointestinal signs (AAGS) in cats, but data supporting synbiotic use to ameliorate AAGS in dogs are lacking. Objectives To determine if administration of synbiotics mitigates AAGS in dogs. Animals Twenty‐two healthy research dogs. Methods Randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, 2‐way, 2‐period, crossover study with an 8‐week washout period. Each period included a 1‐week baseline and 3‐week treatment phase. Dogs received enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg PO q24h) and metronidazole (12.5 mg/kg PO q12h), followed 1 hour later by a bacterial/yeast synbiotic combination or placebo. Food intake, vomiting, and fecal score were compared using repeated‐measures crossover analyses, with P < .05 considered significant. Results Hyporexia, vomiting, and diarrhea occurred in 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21‐64), 77% (95% CI, 55‐92), and 100% (95% CI, 85‐100) of dogs, respectively, during the first treatment period. Derangements in food intake were smaller in both periods for dogs receiving synbiotics (F‐value, 5.1; P = .04) with treatment‐by‐period interactions (F‐value, 6.0; P = .02). Days of vomiting differed over time (F‐value, 4.7; P = .006). Fecal scores increased over time (F‐value, 33.5; P < .001), were lower during period 2 (F‐value, 14.5; P = .001), and had treatment‐by‐period effects (F‐value, 4.8; P = .04). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Enrofloxacin/metronidazole administration is associated with a high frequency of AAGS. Synbiotic administration decreases food intake derangements. The presence of milder AAGS in period 2 suggests that clinical effects of synbiotics persist >9 weeks after discontinuation, mitigating AAGS in dogs being treated with antibiotics followed by placebo.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15553antibiotic‐associated diarrheaantibiotic‐associated gastrointestinal signsdiarrhea and vomitingprobioticsaccharomyces boulardii |
| spellingShingle | Jacqueline C. Whittemore Tamberlyn D. Moyers Joshua M. Price Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic‐induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine antibiotic‐associated diarrhea antibiotic‐associated gastrointestinal signs diarrhea and vomiting probiotic saccharomyces boulardii |
| title | Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic‐induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs |
| title_full | Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic‐induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs |
| title_fullStr | Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic‐induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic‐induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs |
| title_short | Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic‐induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs |
| title_sort | randomized controlled crossover trial of prevention of antibiotic induced gastrointestinal signs using a synbiotic mixture in healthy research dogs |
| topic | antibiotic‐associated diarrhea antibiotic‐associated gastrointestinal signs diarrhea and vomiting probiotic saccharomyces boulardii |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15553 |
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