Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic complication and can pose a serious challenge to human health. DM is the main cause of many life-threatening diseases. Researchers of natural products have been continuously engaged in treating vital diseases in an economical and efficient way. In this research,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-10-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/20/3591 |
| _version_ | 1797572470518054912 |
|---|---|
| author | Mohammad A. Huneif Shah Fahad Alqahtani Abdulwahab Seham M. Alqahtani Mater H. Mahnashi Asif Nawaz Fida Hussain Abdul Sadiq |
| author_facet | Mohammad A. Huneif Shah Fahad Alqahtani Abdulwahab Seham M. Alqahtani Mater H. Mahnashi Asif Nawaz Fida Hussain Abdul Sadiq |
| author_sort | Mohammad A. Huneif |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic complication and can pose a serious challenge to human health. DM is the main cause of many life-threatening diseases. Researchers of natural products have been continuously engaged in treating vital diseases in an economical and efficient way. In this research, we extensively used phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf for the treatment of DM. The structures of phytosteroids <b>NtSt01</b> and <b>NtSt02</b> were confirmed with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. Through in vitro studies including α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and DPPH assays, compound <b>NtSt01</b> was found to be comparatively potent. An elevated dose of compound <b>NtSt01</b> was also found to be safe in an experimental study on rats. With a dose of 1.0 mg/kg of <b>NtSt01</b>, the effect on blood glucose levels in rats was observed to be 519 ± 3.98, 413 ± 1.87, 325 ± 1.62, 219 ± 2.87, and 116 ± 1.33 mg/dL on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th, days, respectively. The in vivo results were compared with those of glibenclamide, which reduced the blood glucose level to 107 ± 2.33 mg/dL on the 28th day. On the 28th day of <b>NtSt01</b> administration, the average weights of the rats and vital organs (liver, kidney, pancreas, and heart) remained healthy, with a slight increase. The biochemical parameters of the blood, i.e., serum creatinine, blood urea, serum bilirubin, SGPT (or ALT), and serum alkaline phosphatase, of rats treated with <b>NtSt01</b> remained in the normal ranges. Similarly, the serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels also remained within the standard ranges. It is obvious from our overall results that the phytosteroids (specifically <b>NtSt01</b>) had an efficient therapeutic effect on the blood glucose level, protection of vital organs, and blood biochemistry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:56:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8265606bf58d4e148e54fc0714222ca8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:56:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-8265606bf58d4e148e54fc0714222ca82023-11-19T17:49:12ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-10-011220359110.3390/plants12203591Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) StapfMohammad A. Huneif0Shah Fahad1Alqahtani Abdulwahab2Seham M. Alqahtani3Mater H. Mahnashi4Asif Nawaz5Fida Hussain6Abdul Sadiq7Pediatric Department, Medical College, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, KP, PakistanPediatric Department, Medical College, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi ArabiaPediatric Department, Medical College, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18000, KP, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, KP, PakistanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18000, KP, PakistanDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic complication and can pose a serious challenge to human health. DM is the main cause of many life-threatening diseases. Researchers of natural products have been continuously engaged in treating vital diseases in an economical and efficient way. In this research, we extensively used phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf for the treatment of DM. The structures of phytosteroids <b>NtSt01</b> and <b>NtSt02</b> were confirmed with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. Through in vitro studies including α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and DPPH assays, compound <b>NtSt01</b> was found to be comparatively potent. An elevated dose of compound <b>NtSt01</b> was also found to be safe in an experimental study on rats. With a dose of 1.0 mg/kg of <b>NtSt01</b>, the effect on blood glucose levels in rats was observed to be 519 ± 3.98, 413 ± 1.87, 325 ± 1.62, 219 ± 2.87, and 116 ± 1.33 mg/dL on the 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th, days, respectively. The in vivo results were compared with those of glibenclamide, which reduced the blood glucose level to 107 ± 2.33 mg/dL on the 28th day. On the 28th day of <b>NtSt01</b> administration, the average weights of the rats and vital organs (liver, kidney, pancreas, and heart) remained healthy, with a slight increase. The biochemical parameters of the blood, i.e., serum creatinine, blood urea, serum bilirubin, SGPT (or ALT), and serum alkaline phosphatase, of rats treated with <b>NtSt01</b> remained in the normal ranges. Similarly, the serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels also remained within the standard ranges. It is obvious from our overall results that the phytosteroids (specifically <b>NtSt01</b>) had an efficient therapeutic effect on the blood glucose level, protection of vital organs, and blood biochemistry.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/20/3591<i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i>diabetesin vivo and in vitro studiesphytosteroidsblood biochemistry |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad A. Huneif Shah Fahad Alqahtani Abdulwahab Seham M. Alqahtani Mater H. Mahnashi Asif Nawaz Fida Hussain Abdul Sadiq Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf Plants <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> diabetes in vivo and in vitro studies phytosteroids blood biochemistry |
| title | Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf |
| title_full | Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf |
| title_fullStr | Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf |
| title_short | Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, and Antioxidant Evaluation of Phytosteroids from <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> (Royle) Stapf |
| title_sort | antidiabetic antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant evaluation of phytosteroids from i notholirion thomsonianum i royle stapf |
| topic | <i>Notholirion thomsonianum</i> diabetes in vivo and in vitro studies phytosteroids blood biochemistry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/20/3591 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohammadahuneif antidiabeticantihyperlipidemicandantioxidantevaluationofphytosteroidsfrominotholirionthomsonianumiroylestapf AT shahfahad antidiabeticantihyperlipidemicandantioxidantevaluationofphytosteroidsfrominotholirionthomsonianumiroylestapf AT alqahtaniabdulwahab antidiabeticantihyperlipidemicandantioxidantevaluationofphytosteroidsfrominotholirionthomsonianumiroylestapf AT sehammalqahtani antidiabeticantihyperlipidemicandantioxidantevaluationofphytosteroidsfrominotholirionthomsonianumiroylestapf AT materhmahnashi antidiabeticantihyperlipidemicandantioxidantevaluationofphytosteroidsfrominotholirionthomsonianumiroylestapf AT asifnawaz antidiabeticantihyperlipidemicandantioxidantevaluationofphytosteroidsfrominotholirionthomsonianumiroylestapf AT fidahussain antidiabeticantihyperlipidemicandantioxidantevaluationofphytosteroidsfrominotholirionthomsonianumiroylestapf AT abdulsadiq antidiabeticantihyperlipidemicandantioxidantevaluationofphytosteroidsfrominotholirionthomsonianumiroylestapf |