Use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cows
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of intravaginal probiotics prepartum on the incidence risk of metritis postpartum and conception risk after first artificial insemination (AI). A total of 606 Holstein cows were enrolled 3 wk before their expected calving d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Dairy Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030223002291 |
| _version_ | 1827923976221884416 |
|---|---|
| author | A.M.L. Madureira T.A. Burnett C.T. Boyd M. Baylão R.L.A. Cerri |
| author_facet | A.M.L. Madureira T.A. Burnett C.T. Boyd M. Baylão R.L.A. Cerri |
| author_sort | A.M.L. Madureira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of intravaginal probiotics prepartum on the incidence risk of metritis postpartum and conception risk after first artificial insemination (AI). A total of 606 Holstein cows were enrolled 3 wk before their expected calving date from 2 farms. Cows were randomly assigned to either receive a 2-mL dose of a combination of 3 lactic acid bacteria (probiotic treatment) washed with approximately 2 mL of a sterile saline solution, into the vaginal canal twice weekly until parturition, or no intervention (control). Metritis diagnoses were carried out on 6 and 12 d postpartum. Vaginal discharge and rectal temperature were assessed, and vaginal discharge was scored on a scale from 1 to 4, where 1 = clear and 4 = fetid, purulent discharge. Metritis was defined as cows having a vaginal discharge score of 4 with or without fever (rectal temperature ≥39.5°C) on either 6 or 12 d postpartum, or both. Cows were bred after a 60-d voluntary waiting period primarily via the detection of estrus using automated activity monitors; cows not found in estrus were enrolled onto timed AI protocols to receive first breeding before 100 DIM. Pregnancy diagnosis was carried out at d 35 ± 7 post-AI on both farms. Data were analyzed via ANOVA using linear mixed regression models and survival analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model. Total incidence risk of metritis was 23.7% and 34.4% on farm A and farm B, respectively. Overall, the incidence of metritis was not different between treatment groups (control: 41.6 ± 3.8%; probiotic: 38.6 ± 4.0%); however, an interaction by farm was detected, where the probiotic treatment reduced metritis on one farm but not on the other. Conception risk after first AI was not affected by treatment. However, we detected an interaction between parity and treatment, where multiparous cows receiving the probiotic treatment were more likely to become pregnant compared with multiparous cows within the control group (hazard ratio: 1.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.60); no effect of probiotic treatment was found on the hazard of pregnancy for primiparous cows. In addition, the probiotic treatment was associated with an increased proportion of cows being detected in estrus for the first AI postpartum. In conclusion, vaginal probiotic treatment applied during the 3 wk prepartum was associated with a decreased incidence of metritis on one farm but not the other, suggesting that farm management may be a key player influencing treatment efficacy. Overall, probiotic treatment was found to have only limited effects on fertility in the current study. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:03:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-828219683b7948f790832e3de6e2cdd9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0022-0302 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:03:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Dairy Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-828219683b7948f790832e3de6e2cdd92023-06-17T05:17:06ZengElsevierJournal of Dairy Science0022-03022023-07-01106748604873Use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cowsA.M.L. Madureira0T.A. Burnett1C.T. Boyd2M. Baylão3R.L.A. Cerri4Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4; University of Guelph, Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, ON, Canada N0P 2C0Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4Applied Animal Biology, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4; Corresponding authorABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the use of intravaginal probiotics prepartum on the incidence risk of metritis postpartum and conception risk after first artificial insemination (AI). A total of 606 Holstein cows were enrolled 3 wk before their expected calving date from 2 farms. Cows were randomly assigned to either receive a 2-mL dose of a combination of 3 lactic acid bacteria (probiotic treatment) washed with approximately 2 mL of a sterile saline solution, into the vaginal canal twice weekly until parturition, or no intervention (control). Metritis diagnoses were carried out on 6 and 12 d postpartum. Vaginal discharge and rectal temperature were assessed, and vaginal discharge was scored on a scale from 1 to 4, where 1 = clear and 4 = fetid, purulent discharge. Metritis was defined as cows having a vaginal discharge score of 4 with or without fever (rectal temperature ≥39.5°C) on either 6 or 12 d postpartum, or both. Cows were bred after a 60-d voluntary waiting period primarily via the detection of estrus using automated activity monitors; cows not found in estrus were enrolled onto timed AI protocols to receive first breeding before 100 DIM. Pregnancy diagnosis was carried out at d 35 ± 7 post-AI on both farms. Data were analyzed via ANOVA using linear mixed regression models and survival analysis using a Cox proportional hazard model. Total incidence risk of metritis was 23.7% and 34.4% on farm A and farm B, respectively. Overall, the incidence of metritis was not different between treatment groups (control: 41.6 ± 3.8%; probiotic: 38.6 ± 4.0%); however, an interaction by farm was detected, where the probiotic treatment reduced metritis on one farm but not on the other. Conception risk after first AI was not affected by treatment. However, we detected an interaction between parity and treatment, where multiparous cows receiving the probiotic treatment were more likely to become pregnant compared with multiparous cows within the control group (hazard ratio: 1.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.60); no effect of probiotic treatment was found on the hazard of pregnancy for primiparous cows. In addition, the probiotic treatment was associated with an increased proportion of cows being detected in estrus for the first AI postpartum. In conclusion, vaginal probiotic treatment applied during the 3 wk prepartum was associated with a decreased incidence of metritis on one farm but not the other, suggesting that farm management may be a key player influencing treatment efficacy. Overall, probiotic treatment was found to have only limited effects on fertility in the current study.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030223002291lactic acid bacteriauterine healthfertility |
| spellingShingle | A.M.L. Madureira T.A. Burnett C.T. Boyd M. Baylão R.L.A. Cerri Use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cows Journal of Dairy Science lactic acid bacteria uterine health fertility |
| title | Use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cows |
| title_full | Use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cows |
| title_fullStr | Use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cows |
| title_full_unstemmed | Use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cows |
| title_short | Use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cows |
| title_sort | use of intravaginal lactic acid bacteria prepartum as an approach for preventing uterine disease and its association with fertility of lactating dairy cows |
| topic | lactic acid bacteria uterine health fertility |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030223002291 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amlmadureira useofintravaginallacticacidbacteriaprepartumasanapproachforpreventinguterinediseaseanditsassociationwithfertilityoflactatingdairycows AT taburnett useofintravaginallacticacidbacteriaprepartumasanapproachforpreventinguterinediseaseanditsassociationwithfertilityoflactatingdairycows AT ctboyd useofintravaginallacticacidbacteriaprepartumasanapproachforpreventinguterinediseaseanditsassociationwithfertilityoflactatingdairycows AT mbaylao useofintravaginallacticacidbacteriaprepartumasanapproachforpreventinguterinediseaseanditsassociationwithfertilityoflactatingdairycows AT rlacerri useofintravaginallacticacidbacteriaprepartumasanapproachforpreventinguterinediseaseanditsassociationwithfertilityoflactatingdairycows |