Virtual water evaluation for grains productsin Iran Case study: pea and bean
Shortage of water is considered as one of the most important straits of agricultural development in Iran. The main purpose of this study is to determine virtual water used to pea and bean production and water use efficiency, select the best area for cultivating these two grains and find the virtual...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Polish Academy of Sciences
2017-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Water and Land Development |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jwld.2017.35.issue-1/jwld-2017-0094/jwld-2017-0094.xml?format=INT |
| _version_ | 1797703323961262080 |
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| author | Yousefi Hossein Mohammadi Ali Mirzaaghabeik Mitra Noorollahi Younes |
| author_facet | Yousefi Hossein Mohammadi Ali Mirzaaghabeik Mitra Noorollahi Younes |
| author_sort | Yousefi Hossein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Shortage of water is considered as one of the most important straits of agricultural development in Iran. The main purpose of this study is to determine virtual water used to pea and bean production and water use efficiency, select the best area for cultivating these two grains and find the virtual water budget for the aforementioned grains. The results showed that among the three provinces main producers of pea in Iran, the highest virtual water of pea belongs to Lorestan with 3534 dm3·kg−1 and the lowest belongs to West Azerbaijan with 2660 dm3·kg−1 in irrigated cultivation. Water use efficiency in irrigated cultivation in Kermanshah and West Azerbaijan are at the same level; however, Kermanshah has enjoyed much more level of virtual water. For beans, the highest amount of virtual water in irrigated cultivation belongs to Lorestan (3651 dm3·kg−1) and the lowest amount refers to Markazi (2725 dm3·kg−1) and also the highest level of water use efficiency for this product refers to Markazi. Also it was found that 160.15 mln m3 of water has been exported from the country water resources by these products so virtual water budget for studied crops were negative. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T05:03:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-82860e8272064d0ca9ff7f3e237d0940 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2083-4535 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T05:03:52Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | Polish Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Water and Land Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-82860e8272064d0ca9ff7f3e237d09402023-09-03T09:05:06ZengPolish Academy of SciencesJournal of Water and Land Development2083-45352017-12-0135127528010.1515/jwld-2017-0094jwld-2017-0094Virtual water evaluation for grains productsin Iran Case study: pea and beanYousefi Hossein0Mohammadi Ali1Mirzaaghabeik Mitra2Noorollahi Younes3University of Tehran, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Department of Renewable Energies and Environmental Engineering, North Karghar St., Tehran, IranUniversity of Tehran, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Department of Renewable Energies and Environmental Engineering, North Karghar St., Tehran, IranFerdowsi University of Mashad, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Department of English language and Literature, Mashhad, IranUniversity of Tehran, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Department of Renewable Energies and Environmental Engineering, North Karghar St., Tehran, IranShortage of water is considered as one of the most important straits of agricultural development in Iran. The main purpose of this study is to determine virtual water used to pea and bean production and water use efficiency, select the best area for cultivating these two grains and find the virtual water budget for the aforementioned grains. The results showed that among the three provinces main producers of pea in Iran, the highest virtual water of pea belongs to Lorestan with 3534 dm3·kg−1 and the lowest belongs to West Azerbaijan with 2660 dm3·kg−1 in irrigated cultivation. Water use efficiency in irrigated cultivation in Kermanshah and West Azerbaijan are at the same level; however, Kermanshah has enjoyed much more level of virtual water. For beans, the highest amount of virtual water in irrigated cultivation belongs to Lorestan (3651 dm3·kg−1) and the lowest amount refers to Markazi (2725 dm3·kg−1) and also the highest level of water use efficiency for this product refers to Markazi. Also it was found that 160.15 mln m3 of water has been exported from the country water resources by these products so virtual water budget for studied crops were negative.http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jwld.2017.35.issue-1/jwld-2017-0094/jwld-2017-0094.xml?format=INTgrainsvirtual water tradewater crisiswater use efficiency |
| spellingShingle | Yousefi Hossein Mohammadi Ali Mirzaaghabeik Mitra Noorollahi Younes Virtual water evaluation for grains productsin Iran Case study: pea and bean Journal of Water and Land Development grains virtual water trade water crisis water use efficiency |
| title | Virtual water evaluation for grains productsin Iran Case study: pea and bean |
| title_full | Virtual water evaluation for grains productsin Iran Case study: pea and bean |
| title_fullStr | Virtual water evaluation for grains productsin Iran Case study: pea and bean |
| title_full_unstemmed | Virtual water evaluation for grains productsin Iran Case study: pea and bean |
| title_short | Virtual water evaluation for grains productsin Iran Case study: pea and bean |
| title_sort | virtual water evaluation for grains productsin iran case study pea and bean |
| topic | grains virtual water trade water crisis water use efficiency |
| url | http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jwld.2017.35.issue-1/jwld-2017-0094/jwld-2017-0094.xml?format=INT |
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