Failure Mechanism of the Yizhuxiang Collapse under the Joint Effect of Freeze–Thaw and Mining
At 10:05 a.m. on 4 February 2022, the perilous rock mass Yizhuxiang in Leizu Town, Yuan’an County, Hubei Province, China collapsed on a large scale. The Yizhuxiang collapse was about 35 m in length, 52 m in height, and 29 m in maximum thickness. The volume of the collapse was 5.32 × 104 m<sup>...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/6/3801 |
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| author | Shenghua Hu Yuanjun Hu Huiyuan Xu Dong Ai Jingjing Yuan Lei Kou Wei Huang Chang Zhou |
| author_facet | Shenghua Hu Yuanjun Hu Huiyuan Xu Dong Ai Jingjing Yuan Lei Kou Wei Huang Chang Zhou |
| author_sort | Shenghua Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | At 10:05 a.m. on 4 February 2022, the perilous rock mass Yizhuxiang in Leizu Town, Yuan’an County, Hubei Province, China collapsed on a large scale. The Yizhuxiang collapse was about 35 m in length, 52 m in height, and 29 m in maximum thickness. The volume of the collapse was 5.32 × 104 m<sup>3</sup>. It threatened the transport of the national trunk road, destroyed the branch road and some cement mixing station workshops, and caused serious economic losses. The rock mass exposed in the collapse was dolomite with developed joint fractures. Under the effects of mining and unloading, fractures occurred in the rock mass; the top of the rock mass was bent and deformed towards the free face; and tension cracks were formed on the rear edge. The safety ore pillar directly below the collapsed body was compressed and deformed under the action of gravity, thus accelerating the internal deformation of the rock mass and leading to the formation of multiple dominant joints inside the rock mass. In the winter of 2021, the weather was extreme, with heavy snowfall and low temperatures. Under the effects of freeze–thaw, the strength of the rock mass declined and the tension cracks further expanded so that the rock mass experienced an accelerated deformation and finally collapsed. Causes of the collapse include mining activity beneath the collapsed mass and heightened extreme weather. The cause of the landslide disaster in this area is, however, freeze–thaw, which deserves the attention of scholars and the vigilance of the local government. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:58:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-829435a2f94746df9f404ad8043331aa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:58:40Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-829435a2f94746df9f404ad8043331aa2023-11-17T09:27:05ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-03-01136380110.3390/app13063801Failure Mechanism of the Yizhuxiang Collapse under the Joint Effect of Freeze–Thaw and MiningShenghua Hu0Yuanjun Hu1Huiyuan Xu2Dong Ai3Jingjing Yuan4Lei Kou5Wei Huang6Chang Zhou7The Seventh Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Yichang 443000, ChinaSchool of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaThe Seventh Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Yichang 443000, ChinaThe Seventh Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Yichang 443000, ChinaThe Seventh Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Yichang 443000, ChinaThe Seventh Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Yichang 443000, ChinaThe Seventh Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau, Yichang 443000, ChinaSchool of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaAt 10:05 a.m. on 4 February 2022, the perilous rock mass Yizhuxiang in Leizu Town, Yuan’an County, Hubei Province, China collapsed on a large scale. The Yizhuxiang collapse was about 35 m in length, 52 m in height, and 29 m in maximum thickness. The volume of the collapse was 5.32 × 104 m<sup>3</sup>. It threatened the transport of the national trunk road, destroyed the branch road and some cement mixing station workshops, and caused serious economic losses. The rock mass exposed in the collapse was dolomite with developed joint fractures. Under the effects of mining and unloading, fractures occurred in the rock mass; the top of the rock mass was bent and deformed towards the free face; and tension cracks were formed on the rear edge. The safety ore pillar directly below the collapsed body was compressed and deformed under the action of gravity, thus accelerating the internal deformation of the rock mass and leading to the formation of multiple dominant joints inside the rock mass. In the winter of 2021, the weather was extreme, with heavy snowfall and low temperatures. Under the effects of freeze–thaw, the strength of the rock mass declined and the tension cracks further expanded so that the rock mass experienced an accelerated deformation and finally collapsed. Causes of the collapse include mining activity beneath the collapsed mass and heightened extreme weather. The cause of the landslide disaster in this area is, however, freeze–thaw, which deserves the attention of scholars and the vigilance of the local government.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/6/3801collapseengineering miningfreeze–thaw |
| spellingShingle | Shenghua Hu Yuanjun Hu Huiyuan Xu Dong Ai Jingjing Yuan Lei Kou Wei Huang Chang Zhou Failure Mechanism of the Yizhuxiang Collapse under the Joint Effect of Freeze–Thaw and Mining Applied Sciences collapse engineering mining freeze–thaw |
| title | Failure Mechanism of the Yizhuxiang Collapse under the Joint Effect of Freeze–Thaw and Mining |
| title_full | Failure Mechanism of the Yizhuxiang Collapse under the Joint Effect of Freeze–Thaw and Mining |
| title_fullStr | Failure Mechanism of the Yizhuxiang Collapse under the Joint Effect of Freeze–Thaw and Mining |
| title_full_unstemmed | Failure Mechanism of the Yizhuxiang Collapse under the Joint Effect of Freeze–Thaw and Mining |
| title_short | Failure Mechanism of the Yizhuxiang Collapse under the Joint Effect of Freeze–Thaw and Mining |
| title_sort | failure mechanism of the yizhuxiang collapse under the joint effect of freeze thaw and mining |
| topic | collapse engineering mining freeze–thaw |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/6/3801 |
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