Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study
Background: In anxiety disorders, culture is important in symptom presentation and help-seeking. Most tools for anxiety disorders are not validated in India and thus might not capture culture-specific aspects of anxiety. This study aims to identify and generate culturally specific terms to describe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SAGE Publishing
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176221140742 |
| _version_ | 1827820578206121984 |
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| author | Sowmya H R Sarah Ghani Priya Sreedaran Manoj K Sahu Ashok Mysore Pratap Sharan |
| author_facet | Sowmya H R Sarah Ghani Priya Sreedaran Manoj K Sahu Ashok Mysore Pratap Sharan |
| author_sort | Sowmya H R |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: In anxiety disorders, culture is important in symptom presentation and help-seeking. Most tools for anxiety disorders are not validated in India and thus might not capture culture-specific aspects of anxiety. This study aims to identify and generate culturally specific terms to describe symptoms of anxiety as part of the development of the Kannada version of the Panic and Anxiety National Indian Questionnaire (PANIQ). The PANIQ is a tool under development to identify anxiety and panic in Indian settings. Methods: This study used qualitative methods like focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) to identify and generate items related to anxiety and panic in Kannada from stakeholders like individuals with anxiety disorders, their caregivers, healthcare workers, and mental health professionals who treat individuals with anxiety and panic disorders. Five FGDs ( n = 28), one triad ( n = 3), and 34 IDIs ( n = 34) were conducted. Results: The mean age of the participants was 38.9 (standard deviation: 12.28) years; 57.1% were from rural areas. We generated 615 Kannada items. These were classified into 21 domains and facets. Items in domains like Somatic symptoms, Fear, and Impairment in day-to-day life were higher than those noted in existing tools for anxiety that focus more on cognitive symptoms of anxiety. Conclusions: This study generated culturally specific items of anxiety through a qualitative process of tool development incorporating subjective experiences of persons with anxiety disorders and other stakeholders. This is among the first steps toward the development of PANIQ. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:29:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-829a5e6ba04c41e9a96ddc1f6184d8d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0253-7176 0975-1564 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:29:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-829a5e6ba04c41e9a96ddc1f6184d8d62023-09-12T06:33:21ZengSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Psychological Medicine0253-71760975-15642023-09-014510.1177/02537176221140742Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study Sowmya H R0Sarah Ghani1Priya Sreedaran2Manoj K Sahu3Ashok Mysore4Pratap Sharan5 St. John’s Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Christ University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, St. John’s Medical Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, St. John’s Medical Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.Background: In anxiety disorders, culture is important in symptom presentation and help-seeking. Most tools for anxiety disorders are not validated in India and thus might not capture culture-specific aspects of anxiety. This study aims to identify and generate culturally specific terms to describe symptoms of anxiety as part of the development of the Kannada version of the Panic and Anxiety National Indian Questionnaire (PANIQ). The PANIQ is a tool under development to identify anxiety and panic in Indian settings. Methods: This study used qualitative methods like focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) to identify and generate items related to anxiety and panic in Kannada from stakeholders like individuals with anxiety disorders, their caregivers, healthcare workers, and mental health professionals who treat individuals with anxiety and panic disorders. Five FGDs ( n = 28), one triad ( n = 3), and 34 IDIs ( n = 34) were conducted. Results: The mean age of the participants was 38.9 (standard deviation: 12.28) years; 57.1% were from rural areas. We generated 615 Kannada items. These were classified into 21 domains and facets. Items in domains like Somatic symptoms, Fear, and Impairment in day-to-day life were higher than those noted in existing tools for anxiety that focus more on cognitive symptoms of anxiety. Conclusions: This study generated culturally specific items of anxiety through a qualitative process of tool development incorporating subjective experiences of persons with anxiety disorders and other stakeholders. This is among the first steps toward the development of PANIQ.https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176221140742 |
| spellingShingle | Sowmya H R Sarah Ghani Priya Sreedaran Manoj K Sahu Ashok Mysore Pratap Sharan Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine |
| title | Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study |
| title_full | Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study |
| title_fullStr | Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study |
| title_short | Cultural Expression of Anxiety Symptoms in Kannada Language: A Qualitative Study |
| title_sort | cultural expression of anxiety symptoms in kannada language a qualitative study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176221140742 |
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