The Stress Barometer: Validation of a Bio–Psycho–Social Brief Screening Instrument of Pandemic Stress Reaction
BackgroundTo capture the psychosocial impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a model based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) was developed during the first lockdown in Germany in April 2020. FACT-19, the questionnaire for the assessment of pandemic stress l...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.879535/full |
| _version_ | 1811239780666572800 |
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| author | Alina Eckhard Alina Eckhard Britta Menne Mareike Salzburger Martin Poppelreuter Robert Bering Robert Bering |
| author_facet | Alina Eckhard Alina Eckhard Britta Menne Mareike Salzburger Martin Poppelreuter Robert Bering Robert Bering |
| author_sort | Alina Eckhard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundTo capture the psychosocial impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a model based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) was developed during the first lockdown in Germany in April 2020. FACT-19, the questionnaire for the assessment of pandemic stress load, measures (1) pre-pandemic stress, (2) pandemic stress, and (3) contextual factors (functioning as facilitators or barriers). Derived from this model, the stress barometer as a brief screening instrument captures these factors. The purpose of this study is a preliminary validation of the instrument.MethodThe stress barometer was applied in conjunction with the Symptom-Checklist SCL-90-S at the beginning of the first lockdown in psychosomatic and psychotraumatological care in two federal states in Germany. The sample consists of n = 341 (68.6% female) from 18–73 years of age (M = 49.36, SD = 11.4).ResultsThe structure of the short screening was examined in the overall sample using an exploratory factor analysis [Chi2 (78) = 875.720, KMO = 0.688]. The results indicate a four-factor-structure that explains 59.5% of the total cumulative variance. The factors of the stress barometer correlate with the Global Severity Index (GSI, measured by SCL-90-S) with moderate to weak effects: pre-pandemic stress (rs = 0.431, p < 0.001, n = 295), pandemic stress (rs = 0.310, p < 0.001, n = 298), distal facilitator (rs = −0.155, p < 0.001, n = 312), and proximal barriers (rs = 0.232, p < 0.001, n = 312).DiscussionThe results indicate the suitability of the stress barometer to complement the measurement of the impact of pandemics with an ICF-oriented approach, taking into consideration pre-pandemic stress as well as interactions with facilitators and barriers. Further analysis will be necessary for a revision of the items of the scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:07:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-82ba1dff3bb6470eb166a8cf3494763f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:07:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-82ba1dff3bb6470eb166a8cf3494763f2022-12-22T03:32:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782022-06-011310.3389/fpsyg.2022.879535879535The Stress Barometer: Validation of a Bio–Psycho–Social Brief Screening Instrument of Pandemic Stress ReactionAlina Eckhard0Alina Eckhard1Britta Menne2Mareike Salzburger3Martin Poppelreuter4Robert Bering5Robert Bering6Centre for Psychotraumatology/Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine, Alexianer Krefeld GmbH, Krefeld, GermanyDepartment of Curative Education and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanySpecialist Clinic for Psychosomatic, Psychotherapeutic and Internal Medicine, Rehaklinik Glotterbad, Glottertal, GermanySpecialist Clinic for Psychosomatic, Psychotherapeutic and Internal Medicine, Rehaklinik Glotterbad, Glottertal, GermanyRehaZentren Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, GermanyDepartment of Curative Education and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanyRegional Psychiatry Middle-West, Gødstrup, DenmarkBackgroundTo capture the psychosocial impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a model based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) was developed during the first lockdown in Germany in April 2020. FACT-19, the questionnaire for the assessment of pandemic stress load, measures (1) pre-pandemic stress, (2) pandemic stress, and (3) contextual factors (functioning as facilitators or barriers). Derived from this model, the stress barometer as a brief screening instrument captures these factors. The purpose of this study is a preliminary validation of the instrument.MethodThe stress barometer was applied in conjunction with the Symptom-Checklist SCL-90-S at the beginning of the first lockdown in psychosomatic and psychotraumatological care in two federal states in Germany. The sample consists of n = 341 (68.6% female) from 18–73 years of age (M = 49.36, SD = 11.4).ResultsThe structure of the short screening was examined in the overall sample using an exploratory factor analysis [Chi2 (78) = 875.720, KMO = 0.688]. The results indicate a four-factor-structure that explains 59.5% of the total cumulative variance. The factors of the stress barometer correlate with the Global Severity Index (GSI, measured by SCL-90-S) with moderate to weak effects: pre-pandemic stress (rs = 0.431, p < 0.001, n = 295), pandemic stress (rs = 0.310, p < 0.001, n = 298), distal facilitator (rs = −0.155, p < 0.001, n = 312), and proximal barriers (rs = 0.232, p < 0.001, n = 312).DiscussionThe results indicate the suitability of the stress barometer to complement the measurement of the impact of pandemics with an ICF-oriented approach, taking into consideration pre-pandemic stress as well as interactions with facilitators and barriers. Further analysis will be necessary for a revision of the items of the scale.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.879535/fullstress barometerCOVID-19pandemic stress reactionICF-orientatedshort screening |
| spellingShingle | Alina Eckhard Alina Eckhard Britta Menne Mareike Salzburger Martin Poppelreuter Robert Bering Robert Bering The Stress Barometer: Validation of a Bio–Psycho–Social Brief Screening Instrument of Pandemic Stress Reaction Frontiers in Psychology stress barometer COVID-19 pandemic stress reaction ICF-orientated short screening |
| title | The Stress Barometer: Validation of a Bio–Psycho–Social Brief Screening Instrument of Pandemic Stress Reaction |
| title_full | The Stress Barometer: Validation of a Bio–Psycho–Social Brief Screening Instrument of Pandemic Stress Reaction |
| title_fullStr | The Stress Barometer: Validation of a Bio–Psycho–Social Brief Screening Instrument of Pandemic Stress Reaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Stress Barometer: Validation of a Bio–Psycho–Social Brief Screening Instrument of Pandemic Stress Reaction |
| title_short | The Stress Barometer: Validation of a Bio–Psycho–Social Brief Screening Instrument of Pandemic Stress Reaction |
| title_sort | stress barometer validation of a bio psycho social brief screening instrument of pandemic stress reaction |
| topic | stress barometer COVID-19 pandemic stress reaction ICF-orientated short screening |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.879535/full |
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