Relationship between Large-Scale Variability of North Pacific Waves and El Niño-Southern Oscillation
Ocean waves are crucial for driving various oceanic processes. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of significant wave height (SWH) in the North Pacific (NP) is analyzed using the 42-year ERA5 reanalysis dataset from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The pr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/1848 |
| _version_ | 1797573385980477440 |
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| author | Xin Zhang Kejian Wu Rui Li Shuai Zhang Ruyan Zhang Jin Liu Alexander V. Babanin |
| author_facet | Xin Zhang Kejian Wu Rui Li Shuai Zhang Ruyan Zhang Jin Liu Alexander V. Babanin |
| author_sort | Xin Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ocean waves are crucial for driving various oceanic processes. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of significant wave height (SWH) in the North Pacific (NP) is analyzed using the 42-year ERA5 reanalysis dataset from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The presence of an ENSO signal is confirmed in wave fields of the North Pacific. Furthermore, the spatial distributions of swells and wind waves are analyzed using the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) method, revealing that waves can transport large-scale signals from the NP to lower latitudes through swells. In addition, our research reveals a relationship between ENSO and Stokes drift in the NP. Stokes drift contributes positively to the maintenance of stable sea surface temperatures (SSTs) by transporting more (less) water towards the equatorial Pacific during El Niño (La Niña year) years. It is further noted that during strong ENSO events, the strength of the Stokes drift anomaly intensifies accordingly, which implies a strong link between wave-induced transport and ENSO. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:08:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-82d00a4b296248cbae5bc673dcad073e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:08:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-82d00a4b296248cbae5bc673dcad073e2023-11-19T16:57:32ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-09-011110184810.3390/jmse11101848Relationship between Large-Scale Variability of North Pacific Waves and El Niño-Southern OscillationXin Zhang0Kejian Wu1Rui Li2Shuai Zhang3Ruyan Zhang4Jin Liu5Alexander V. Babanin6College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaCollege of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaCollege of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, ChinaOperational Observation Section, Gongyi the Yellow River Bureau, Zhengzhou 451200, ChinaMiami College, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, ChinaDepartment of Infrastructure Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, AustraliaDepartment of Infrastructure Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, AustraliaOcean waves are crucial for driving various oceanic processes. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of significant wave height (SWH) in the North Pacific (NP) is analyzed using the 42-year ERA5 reanalysis dataset from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The presence of an ENSO signal is confirmed in wave fields of the North Pacific. Furthermore, the spatial distributions of swells and wind waves are analyzed using the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) method, revealing that waves can transport large-scale signals from the NP to lower latitudes through swells. In addition, our research reveals a relationship between ENSO and Stokes drift in the NP. Stokes drift contributes positively to the maintenance of stable sea surface temperatures (SSTs) by transporting more (less) water towards the equatorial Pacific during El Niño (La Niña year) years. It is further noted that during strong ENSO events, the strength of the Stokes drift anomaly intensifies accordingly, which implies a strong link between wave-induced transport and ENSO.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/1848wind waveswellStokes driftENSOwave-induced transportEl Niño |
| spellingShingle | Xin Zhang Kejian Wu Rui Li Shuai Zhang Ruyan Zhang Jin Liu Alexander V. Babanin Relationship between Large-Scale Variability of North Pacific Waves and El Niño-Southern Oscillation Journal of Marine Science and Engineering wind wave swell Stokes drift ENSO wave-induced transport El Niño |
| title | Relationship between Large-Scale Variability of North Pacific Waves and El Niño-Southern Oscillation |
| title_full | Relationship between Large-Scale Variability of North Pacific Waves and El Niño-Southern Oscillation |
| title_fullStr | Relationship between Large-Scale Variability of North Pacific Waves and El Niño-Southern Oscillation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship between Large-Scale Variability of North Pacific Waves and El Niño-Southern Oscillation |
| title_short | Relationship between Large-Scale Variability of North Pacific Waves and El Niño-Southern Oscillation |
| title_sort | relationship between large scale variability of north pacific waves and el nino southern oscillation |
| topic | wind wave swell Stokes drift ENSO wave-induced transport El Niño |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/1848 |
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