Molecular-Level Insights into Phosphorus Transformation Mechanisms in Entisol Soils under Multiple Long-Term Fertilization Regimes
Improving phosphorus (P) fertilization strategies benefits mitigating future global P shortage and reducing legacy P loss risk in agricultural lands. In this study, the molecular transformation mechanisms of P in Entisol soils under multiple long-term fertilization regimes including PK; NK; NPK; NPK...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2760 |
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| author | Jin Liu Chaoqun Han Yuhang Zhao Dongling Yang Jianjun Yang Lei Zheng Yongfeng Hu Jumei Li Peng Sui Yuanquan Chen Xiaojun Shi Yibing Ma |
| author_facet | Jin Liu Chaoqun Han Yuhang Zhao Dongling Yang Jianjun Yang Lei Zheng Yongfeng Hu Jumei Li Peng Sui Yuanquan Chen Xiaojun Shi Yibing Ma |
| author_sort | Jin Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Improving phosphorus (P) fertilization strategies benefits mitigating future global P shortage and reducing legacy P loss risk in agricultural lands. In this study, the molecular transformation mechanisms of P in Entisol soils under multiple long-term fertilization regimes including PK; NK; NPK; NPK with pig manure (NPKM); and NPK with rice straw return (NPKS) were investigated by sequential fractionation (SF), synchrotron-based P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (P-XANES) and solution <sup>31</sup>P nuclear magnetic resonance (P-NMR) spectroscopy. Compared with conventional NPK fertilization, a higher accumulation of total P occurred in soils under the PK, NPKM and NPKS treatments. By SF, there were relatively higher contents of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-extracted inorganic P (P<sub>i</sub>) fractions for the soils under PK (52.5 mg/kg) and NPKM (35.5 mg/kg) fertilization relative to the NPK (23.3 mg/kg) treatment. Consistently, P-XANES analysis revealed that there was a higher proportion of brushite, as a bioavailable P form, in soil under the PK and NPKM treatments compared with the NPK treatment, indicating higher P availability in the Entisol soils under PK and NPKM fertilizations. By P-NMR, long-term PK fertilization resulted in relatively a higher ratio of orthophosphate diesters to orthophosphate monoesters after correction compared with the NPK fertilization, which strongly suggested that N deficiency enhanced the biodegradability of soil organic P (P<sub>o</sub>) pools, thus providing new molecular-level insights into soil P<sub>o</sub> transformation. Collectively, these results, obtained from a long-term experimental study, facilitates the comprehensive understanding of P availability and transformation mechanisms in Entisol soils under multiple fertilization regimes, and thus benefits the improvement of fertilization strategies in agricultural soils. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:21:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-82d1667b427e48bea23d7f25a1d0b6cb2023-11-24T03:21:53ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-11-011211276010.3390/agronomy12112760Molecular-Level Insights into Phosphorus Transformation Mechanisms in Entisol Soils under Multiple Long-Term Fertilization RegimesJin Liu0Chaoqun Han1Yuhang Zhao2Dongling Yang3Jianjun Yang4Lei Zheng5Yongfeng Hu6Jumei Li7Peng Sui8Yuanquan Chen9Xiaojun Shi10Yibing Ma11College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaBeijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaSinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Shanghai 201208, ChinaInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaMacao Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, ChinaImproving phosphorus (P) fertilization strategies benefits mitigating future global P shortage and reducing legacy P loss risk in agricultural lands. In this study, the molecular transformation mechanisms of P in Entisol soils under multiple long-term fertilization regimes including PK; NK; NPK; NPK with pig manure (NPKM); and NPK with rice straw return (NPKS) were investigated by sequential fractionation (SF), synchrotron-based P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (P-XANES) and solution <sup>31</sup>P nuclear magnetic resonance (P-NMR) spectroscopy. Compared with conventional NPK fertilization, a higher accumulation of total P occurred in soils under the PK, NPKM and NPKS treatments. By SF, there were relatively higher contents of NaHCO<sub>3</sub>-extracted inorganic P (P<sub>i</sub>) fractions for the soils under PK (52.5 mg/kg) and NPKM (35.5 mg/kg) fertilization relative to the NPK (23.3 mg/kg) treatment. Consistently, P-XANES analysis revealed that there was a higher proportion of brushite, as a bioavailable P form, in soil under the PK and NPKM treatments compared with the NPK treatment, indicating higher P availability in the Entisol soils under PK and NPKM fertilizations. By P-NMR, long-term PK fertilization resulted in relatively a higher ratio of orthophosphate diesters to orthophosphate monoesters after correction compared with the NPK fertilization, which strongly suggested that N deficiency enhanced the biodegradability of soil organic P (P<sub>o</sub>) pools, thus providing new molecular-level insights into soil P<sub>o</sub> transformation. Collectively, these results, obtained from a long-term experimental study, facilitates the comprehensive understanding of P availability and transformation mechanisms in Entisol soils under multiple fertilization regimes, and thus benefits the improvement of fertilization strategies in agricultural soils.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2760manurenitrogen deficiencyNMRXANESstraw return |
| spellingShingle | Jin Liu Chaoqun Han Yuhang Zhao Dongling Yang Jianjun Yang Lei Zheng Yongfeng Hu Jumei Li Peng Sui Yuanquan Chen Xiaojun Shi Yibing Ma Molecular-Level Insights into Phosphorus Transformation Mechanisms in Entisol Soils under Multiple Long-Term Fertilization Regimes Agronomy manure nitrogen deficiency NMR XANES straw return |
| title | Molecular-Level Insights into Phosphorus Transformation Mechanisms in Entisol Soils under Multiple Long-Term Fertilization Regimes |
| title_full | Molecular-Level Insights into Phosphorus Transformation Mechanisms in Entisol Soils under Multiple Long-Term Fertilization Regimes |
| title_fullStr | Molecular-Level Insights into Phosphorus Transformation Mechanisms in Entisol Soils under Multiple Long-Term Fertilization Regimes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular-Level Insights into Phosphorus Transformation Mechanisms in Entisol Soils under Multiple Long-Term Fertilization Regimes |
| title_short | Molecular-Level Insights into Phosphorus Transformation Mechanisms in Entisol Soils under Multiple Long-Term Fertilization Regimes |
| title_sort | molecular level insights into phosphorus transformation mechanisms in entisol soils under multiple long term fertilization regimes |
| topic | manure nitrogen deficiency NMR XANES straw return |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/11/2760 |
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