Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) spores lessen antibiotic-induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in mice
The antibiotic-induced intestinal injury (AIJ) is associated with diarrhoea and gastrointestinal discomfort. However, the pathological intestinal mechanisms and related side effects associated with antibiotic use/misuse may be counteracted by probiotics. This study aims to evaluate the effect and th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332223006509 |
| _version_ | 1797822123038736384 |
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| author | C. Pirozzi N. Opallo L. Coretti A. Lama C. Annunziata F. Comella S. Melini E. Buommino M.P. Mollica G. Aviello G. Mattace Raso F. Lembo R. Meli |
| author_facet | C. Pirozzi N. Opallo L. Coretti A. Lama C. Annunziata F. Comella S. Melini E. Buommino M.P. Mollica G. Aviello G. Mattace Raso F. Lembo R. Meli |
| author_sort | C. Pirozzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The antibiotic-induced intestinal injury (AIJ) is associated with diarrhoea and gastrointestinal discomfort. However, the pathological intestinal mechanisms and related side effects associated with antibiotic use/misuse may be counteracted by probiotics. This study aims to evaluate the effect and the protective mechanisms of a probiotic formulation containing Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii; BC) spores in an experimental model of AIJ. C57/Bl6J mice were orally challenged with a high dose of ceftriaxone for five days along with BC treatment which lasted up to the 15th day. Our results showed the beneficial effect of the probiotic in preserving colonic integrity and limiting tissue inflammation and immune cell infiltration in AIJ mice. BC increased tight junction expression and regulated the unbalanced production of colonic pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, converging toward the full resolution of the intestinal damage. These findings were supported by the histological evaluation of the intestinal mucosa, suggesting a potential restoration of mucus production. Notably, BC treatment increased gene transcription of the secretory products responsible for epithelium repair and mucus synthesis and normalized the expression of antimicrobial peptides involved in immune activation. Reconstruction of complex and diverse gut microbiota in antibiotic-induced dysbiosis was recorded upon BC supplementation. Specifically, the expansion of A. clausii, Prevotella rara and Eubacterium ruminatium drove intestinal microbiota rebalance by primarily impacting Bacteroidota members. Taken together, our data indicate that BC administration alleviates AIJ by multiple converging mechanisms leading to restoring gut integrity and homeostasis and reshaping microbiota composition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:03:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-82fb808dd251469f9d6feffb946c8d67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0753-3322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:03:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-82fb808dd251469f9d6feffb946c8d672023-05-23T04:21:19ZengElsevierBiomedicine & Pharmacotherapy0753-33222023-07-01163114860Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) spores lessen antibiotic-induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in miceC. Pirozzi0N. Opallo1L. Coretti2A. Lama3C. Annunziata4F. Comella5S. Melini6E. Buommino7M.P. Mollica8G. Aviello9G. Mattace Raso10F. Lembo11R. Meli12Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Correspondence to: Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyThe antibiotic-induced intestinal injury (AIJ) is associated with diarrhoea and gastrointestinal discomfort. However, the pathological intestinal mechanisms and related side effects associated with antibiotic use/misuse may be counteracted by probiotics. This study aims to evaluate the effect and the protective mechanisms of a probiotic formulation containing Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii; BC) spores in an experimental model of AIJ. C57/Bl6J mice were orally challenged with a high dose of ceftriaxone for five days along with BC treatment which lasted up to the 15th day. Our results showed the beneficial effect of the probiotic in preserving colonic integrity and limiting tissue inflammation and immune cell infiltration in AIJ mice. BC increased tight junction expression and regulated the unbalanced production of colonic pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, converging toward the full resolution of the intestinal damage. These findings were supported by the histological evaluation of the intestinal mucosa, suggesting a potential restoration of mucus production. Notably, BC treatment increased gene transcription of the secretory products responsible for epithelium repair and mucus synthesis and normalized the expression of antimicrobial peptides involved in immune activation. Reconstruction of complex and diverse gut microbiota in antibiotic-induced dysbiosis was recorded upon BC supplementation. Specifically, the expansion of A. clausii, Prevotella rara and Eubacterium ruminatium drove intestinal microbiota rebalance by primarily impacting Bacteroidota members. Taken together, our data indicate that BC administration alleviates AIJ by multiple converging mechanisms leading to restoring gut integrity and homeostasis and reshaping microbiota composition.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332223006509Antibiotic-induced dysbiosisColon damageProbioticGut microbiotaImmunityInflammation |
| spellingShingle | C. Pirozzi N. Opallo L. Coretti A. Lama C. Annunziata F. Comella S. Melini E. Buommino M.P. Mollica G. Aviello G. Mattace Raso F. Lembo R. Meli Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) spores lessen antibiotic-induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in mice Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis Colon damage Probiotic Gut microbiota Immunity Inflammation |
| title | Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) spores lessen antibiotic-induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in mice |
| title_full | Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) spores lessen antibiotic-induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in mice |
| title_fullStr | Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) spores lessen antibiotic-induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) spores lessen antibiotic-induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in mice |
| title_short | Alkalihalobacillus clausii (formerly Bacillus clausii) spores lessen antibiotic-induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in mice |
| title_sort | alkalihalobacillus clausii formerly bacillus clausii spores lessen antibiotic induced intestinal injury and reshape gut microbiota composition in mice |
| topic | Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis Colon damage Probiotic Gut microbiota Immunity Inflammation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332223006509 |
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