The Effect of Anticoagulants, Temperature, and Time on the Human Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome from Healthy Donors as Determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry is commonly used to identify and quantify metabolites from biological samples to gain insight into human physiology and pathology. Metabolites and their abundance in biological samples are labile and sensitive to variations in collection conditions, handling a...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/5/200 |
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| author | Manoj Khadka Andrei Todor Kristal M. Maner-Smith Jennifer K. Colucci ViLinh Tran David A. Gaul Evan J. Anderson Muktha S. Natrajan Nadine Rouphael Mark J. Mulligan Circe E. McDonald Mehul Suthar Shuzhao Li Eric A. Ortlund |
| author_facet | Manoj Khadka Andrei Todor Kristal M. Maner-Smith Jennifer K. Colucci ViLinh Tran David A. Gaul Evan J. Anderson Muktha S. Natrajan Nadine Rouphael Mark J. Mulligan Circe E. McDonald Mehul Suthar Shuzhao Li Eric A. Ortlund |
| author_sort | Manoj Khadka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry is commonly used to identify and quantify metabolites from biological samples to gain insight into human physiology and pathology. Metabolites and their abundance in biological samples are labile and sensitive to variations in collection conditions, handling and processing. Variations in sample handling could influence metabolite levels in ways not related to biology, ultimately leading to the misinterpretation of results. For example, anticoagulants and preservatives modulate enzyme activity and metabolite oxidization. Temperature may alter both enzymatic and non-enzymatic chemistry. The potential for variation induced by collection conditions is particularly important when samples are collected in remote locations without immediate access to specimen processing. Data are needed regarding the variation introduced by clinical sample collection processes to avoid introducing artifact biases. In this study, we used metabolomics and lipidomics approaches paired with univariate and multivariate statistical analyses to assess the effects of anticoagulant, temperature, and time on healthy human plasma samples collected to provide guidelines on sample collection, handling, and processing for vaccinology. Principal component analyses demonstrated clustering by sample collection procedure and that anticoagulant type had the greatest effect on sample metabolite variation. Lipids such as glycerophospholipids, acylcarnitines, sphingolipids, diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, and cholesteryl esters are significantly affected by anticoagulant type as are amino acids such as aspartate, histidine, and glutamine. Most plasma metabolites and lipids were unaffected by storage time and temperature. Based on this study, we recommend samples be collected using a single anticoagulant (preferably EDTA) with sample processing at <24 h at 4 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:04:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-830767b37d474ed38d2cc3df536856cd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T14:04:09Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-830767b37d474ed38d2cc3df536856cd2022-12-21T22:58:38ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2019-05-019520010.3390/biom9050200biom9050200The Effect of Anticoagulants, Temperature, and Time on the Human Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome from Healthy Donors as Determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryManoj Khadka0Andrei Todor1Kristal M. Maner-Smith2Jennifer K. Colucci3ViLinh Tran4David A. Gaul5Evan J. Anderson6Muktha S. Natrajan7Nadine Rouphael8Mark J. Mulligan9Circe E. McDonald10Mehul Suthar11Shuzhao Li12Eric A. Ortlund13Emory Integrated Lipidomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAEmory Integrated Lipidomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAEmory Integrated Lipidomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USASchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USADepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Paediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Paediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USADepartment of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAEmory Integrated Lipidomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USALiquid-chromatography mass spectrometry is commonly used to identify and quantify metabolites from biological samples to gain insight into human physiology and pathology. Metabolites and their abundance in biological samples are labile and sensitive to variations in collection conditions, handling and processing. Variations in sample handling could influence metabolite levels in ways not related to biology, ultimately leading to the misinterpretation of results. For example, anticoagulants and preservatives modulate enzyme activity and metabolite oxidization. Temperature may alter both enzymatic and non-enzymatic chemistry. The potential for variation induced by collection conditions is particularly important when samples are collected in remote locations without immediate access to specimen processing. Data are needed regarding the variation introduced by clinical sample collection processes to avoid introducing artifact biases. In this study, we used metabolomics and lipidomics approaches paired with univariate and multivariate statistical analyses to assess the effects of anticoagulant, temperature, and time on healthy human plasma samples collected to provide guidelines on sample collection, handling, and processing for vaccinology. Principal component analyses demonstrated clustering by sample collection procedure and that anticoagulant type had the greatest effect on sample metabolite variation. Lipids such as glycerophospholipids, acylcarnitines, sphingolipids, diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, and cholesteryl esters are significantly affected by anticoagulant type as are amino acids such as aspartate, histidine, and glutamine. Most plasma metabolites and lipids were unaffected by storage time and temperature. Based on this study, we recommend samples be collected using a single anticoagulant (preferably EDTA) with sample processing at <24 h at 4 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/5/200lipidomicsmetabolomicsanticoagulantsvaccinestorage conditionssample collection |
| spellingShingle | Manoj Khadka Andrei Todor Kristal M. Maner-Smith Jennifer K. Colucci ViLinh Tran David A. Gaul Evan J. Anderson Muktha S. Natrajan Nadine Rouphael Mark J. Mulligan Circe E. McDonald Mehul Suthar Shuzhao Li Eric A. Ortlund The Effect of Anticoagulants, Temperature, and Time on the Human Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome from Healthy Donors as Determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Biomolecules lipidomics metabolomics anticoagulants vaccine storage conditions sample collection |
| title | The Effect of Anticoagulants, Temperature, and Time on the Human Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome from Healthy Donors as Determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full | The Effect of Anticoagulants, Temperature, and Time on the Human Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome from Healthy Donors as Determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Anticoagulants, Temperature, and Time on the Human Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome from Healthy Donors as Determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Anticoagulants, Temperature, and Time on the Human Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome from Healthy Donors as Determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_short | The Effect of Anticoagulants, Temperature, and Time on the Human Plasma Metabolome and Lipidome from Healthy Donors as Determined by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry |
| title_sort | effect of anticoagulants temperature and time on the human plasma metabolome and lipidome from healthy donors as determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry |
| topic | lipidomics metabolomics anticoagulants vaccine storage conditions sample collection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/5/200 |
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