Identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening for external fixators: A systematic review
Introduction: This review article discusses the published methods of identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening. The evidence is reviewed and presented for the clinical, radiological and histological analysis of the half-pin and fine wire to bone interface. Materials and Methods: A Preferred...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Limb Lengthening & Reconstruction |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jlimblengthrecon.org/article.asp?issn=2455-3719;year=2022;volume=8;issue=3;spage=51;epage=58;aulast=Nutt |
| _version_ | 1811220603242283008 |
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| author | James Nutt Lucy Sinclair Simon Matthew Graham Alex Trompeter |
| author_facet | James Nutt Lucy Sinclair Simon Matthew Graham Alex Trompeter |
| author_sort | James Nutt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: This review article discusses the published methods of identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening. The evidence is reviewed and presented for the clinical, radiological and histological analysis of the half-pin and fine wire to bone interface. Materials and Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses compliant systematic review was conducted. Studies investigating the use of external fixators with descriptions on measurement of half-pin and fine wire loosening were included in this review. Results: Eight studies were eligible and included. No randomized controlled trials were identified. Torque measurement was most frequently used to quantify the half-pin to bone interface, histological analysis was performed by three studies, and radiographic analysis was performed by five papers including plain film and micro-computed tomography (CT) techniques. Discussion: The available evidence was of poor quality, with a lack of homogeneity in quantitative data for torque measurements and a prevalence of arbitrary figures for the definition of loosening. There was no mechanical analysis of fire wire loosening, and the most common clinical measure used for loosening was a scale validated for infection. Micro-CT was validated against torque figures and appears to be the most repeatable measure which could be applied clinically, however has only been used in canine studies. We recommend a study to compare the clinically relevant measurement of loosening against a standard model to provide a validated method of identification or prediction of half-pin and fine wire loosening. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:45:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-83137de0978a4fedbda85e050636d2a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2455-3719 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T07:45:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Limb Lengthening & Reconstruction |
| spelling | doaj.art-83137de0978a4fedbda85e050636d2a12022-12-22T03:41:43ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Limb Lengthening & Reconstruction2455-37192022-01-0183515810.4103/jllr.jllr_33_21Identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening for external fixators: A systematic reviewJames NuttLucy SinclairSimon Matthew GrahamAlex TrompeterIntroduction: This review article discusses the published methods of identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening. The evidence is reviewed and presented for the clinical, radiological and histological analysis of the half-pin and fine wire to bone interface. Materials and Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses compliant systematic review was conducted. Studies investigating the use of external fixators with descriptions on measurement of half-pin and fine wire loosening were included in this review. Results: Eight studies were eligible and included. No randomized controlled trials were identified. Torque measurement was most frequently used to quantify the half-pin to bone interface, histological analysis was performed by three studies, and radiographic analysis was performed by five papers including plain film and micro-computed tomography (CT) techniques. Discussion: The available evidence was of poor quality, with a lack of homogeneity in quantitative data for torque measurements and a prevalence of arbitrary figures for the definition of loosening. There was no mechanical analysis of fire wire loosening, and the most common clinical measure used for loosening was a scale validated for infection. Micro-CT was validated against torque figures and appears to be the most repeatable measure which could be applied clinically, however has only been used in canine studies. We recommend a study to compare the clinically relevant measurement of loosening against a standard model to provide a validated method of identification or prediction of half-pin and fine wire loosening.http://www.jlimblengthrecon.org/article.asp?issn=2455-3719;year=2022;volume=8;issue=3;spage=51;epage=58;aulast=Nuttexternal fixationfine wirehalf-pinlooseningsystematic review |
| spellingShingle | James Nutt Lucy Sinclair Simon Matthew Graham Alex Trompeter Identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening for external fixators: A systematic review Journal of Limb Lengthening & Reconstruction external fixation fine wire half-pin loosening systematic review |
| title | Identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening for external fixators: A systematic review |
| title_full | Identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening for external fixators: A systematic review |
| title_fullStr | Identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening for external fixators: A systematic review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening for external fixators: A systematic review |
| title_short | Identification of fine wire and half-pin loosening for external fixators: A systematic review |
| title_sort | identification of fine wire and half pin loosening for external fixators a systematic review |
| topic | external fixation fine wire half-pin loosening systematic review |
| url | http://www.jlimblengthrecon.org/article.asp?issn=2455-3719;year=2022;volume=8;issue=3;spage=51;epage=58;aulast=Nutt |
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