Effect of Ultrasound on Henna Leaves Drying and Extraction of Lawsone: Experimental and Modeling Study
The effect of drying temperature and the application of ultrasound on drying kinetics of <i>Lawsonia inermis</i> (henna) leaves and the extraction of lawsone from the dried samples was addressed. Indeed, henna leaves were dried with and without the application of ultrasound (21.7 kHz, 30...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-03-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1329 |
| _version_ | 1827604738640707584 |
|---|---|
| author | Said Bennaceur Abdelaziz Berreghioua Lyes Bennamoun Antonio Mulet Belkacem Draoui Mostafa Abid Juan A. Carcel |
| author_facet | Said Bennaceur Abdelaziz Berreghioua Lyes Bennamoun Antonio Mulet Belkacem Draoui Mostafa Abid Juan A. Carcel |
| author_sort | Said Bennaceur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effect of drying temperature and the application of ultrasound on drying kinetics of <i>Lawsonia inermis</i> (henna) leaves and the extraction of lawsone from the dried samples was addressed. Indeed, henna leaves were dried with and without the application of ultrasound (21.7 kHz, 30.8 kW/m<sup>3</sup>) at 40, 50 and 60 °C with a constant air velocity (1 m/s). As expected, both the increase of temperature and the application of ultrasound decreased the drying time and increased the rate of extraction of the lawsone. The values of the effective diffusion coefficients obtained were used to quantify this influence showing the value increases with higher drying temperature and the application of ultrasound. Moreover, the influence of temperature was quantified by the estimation of the activation energy from an Arrhenius-type equation (46.25 kJ/mol in the case of drying without ultrasound application and 44.06 kJ/mol in the case of ultrasonically-assisted drying). Regarding the influence of studied variables on lawsone extraction yield, the higher is the temperature, the lower is the yield, probably linked with lawsone degradation reaction due to thermal treatment. On the contrary, the application of ultrasound improved the extraction yield mainly at the lower drying temperature tested of 40 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:06:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8316ffccf1824902b84b2171dc64a761 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:06:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-8316ffccf1824902b84b2171dc64a7612023-12-03T12:03:25ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732021-03-01145132910.3390/en14051329Effect of Ultrasound on Henna Leaves Drying and Extraction of Lawsone: Experimental and Modeling StudySaid Bennaceur0Abdelaziz Berreghioua1Lyes Bennamoun2Antonio Mulet3Belkacem Draoui4Mostafa Abid5Juan A. Carcel6Laboratoire de Développement des Energies Renouvelables et leurs Applications dans les zones Sahariennes (LDERAS), Université Tahri Mohamed de Béchar, Bechar 08000, AlgeriaLaboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Science (LCSE), Tahri Mohamed University, Bechar 08000, AlgeriaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B5A3, CanadaASPA Group, Department of Food Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainLaboratoire d’Energétique en Zones Arides, Université Tahri Mohamed de Béchar, Bechar 08000, AlgeriaDépartement sciences de la matière, Faculté des sciences exactes, Université Tahri Mohamed de Béchar, Bechar 08000, AlgeriaASPA Group, Department of Food Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainThe effect of drying temperature and the application of ultrasound on drying kinetics of <i>Lawsonia inermis</i> (henna) leaves and the extraction of lawsone from the dried samples was addressed. Indeed, henna leaves were dried with and without the application of ultrasound (21.7 kHz, 30.8 kW/m<sup>3</sup>) at 40, 50 and 60 °C with a constant air velocity (1 m/s). As expected, both the increase of temperature and the application of ultrasound decreased the drying time and increased the rate of extraction of the lawsone. The values of the effective diffusion coefficients obtained were used to quantify this influence showing the value increases with higher drying temperature and the application of ultrasound. Moreover, the influence of temperature was quantified by the estimation of the activation energy from an Arrhenius-type equation (46.25 kJ/mol in the case of drying without ultrasound application and 44.06 kJ/mol in the case of ultrasonically-assisted drying). Regarding the influence of studied variables on lawsone extraction yield, the higher is the temperature, the lower is the yield, probably linked with lawsone degradation reaction due to thermal treatment. On the contrary, the application of ultrasound improved the extraction yield mainly at the lower drying temperature tested of 40 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1329activation energyeffective diffusivitylawsone<i>Lawsonia inermis</i>ultrasound |
| spellingShingle | Said Bennaceur Abdelaziz Berreghioua Lyes Bennamoun Antonio Mulet Belkacem Draoui Mostafa Abid Juan A. Carcel Effect of Ultrasound on Henna Leaves Drying and Extraction of Lawsone: Experimental and Modeling Study Energies activation energy effective diffusivity lawsone <i>Lawsonia inermis</i> ultrasound |
| title | Effect of Ultrasound on Henna Leaves Drying and Extraction of Lawsone: Experimental and Modeling Study |
| title_full | Effect of Ultrasound on Henna Leaves Drying and Extraction of Lawsone: Experimental and Modeling Study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Ultrasound on Henna Leaves Drying and Extraction of Lawsone: Experimental and Modeling Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Ultrasound on Henna Leaves Drying and Extraction of Lawsone: Experimental and Modeling Study |
| title_short | Effect of Ultrasound on Henna Leaves Drying and Extraction of Lawsone: Experimental and Modeling Study |
| title_sort | effect of ultrasound on henna leaves drying and extraction of lawsone experimental and modeling study |
| topic | activation energy effective diffusivity lawsone <i>Lawsonia inermis</i> ultrasound |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/5/1329 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT saidbennaceur effectofultrasoundonhennaleavesdryingandextractionoflawsoneexperimentalandmodelingstudy AT abdelazizberreghioua effectofultrasoundonhennaleavesdryingandextractionoflawsoneexperimentalandmodelingstudy AT lyesbennamoun effectofultrasoundonhennaleavesdryingandextractionoflawsoneexperimentalandmodelingstudy AT antoniomulet effectofultrasoundonhennaleavesdryingandextractionoflawsoneexperimentalandmodelingstudy AT belkacemdraoui effectofultrasoundonhennaleavesdryingandextractionoflawsoneexperimentalandmodelingstudy AT mostafaabid effectofultrasoundonhennaleavesdryingandextractionoflawsoneexperimentalandmodelingstudy AT juanacarcel effectofultrasoundonhennaleavesdryingandextractionoflawsoneexperimentalandmodelingstudy |