Improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technology
Chemical conversion of natural graphite into graphene based nanomaterials is achievable and scalable by designed Hummers’ method. Conventionally, high amount of manganyl compound (Mn2O7 or MnO3+) and explosive risk of thermal runaway in the reaction are still the key concerns of efficiency and safet...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423007445 |
| _version_ | 1797798805991587840 |
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| author | Hon Nhien Le Duong Thai Thuong Thi Nguyen Thi Bang Tam Dao Trung Do Nguyen Doanh Tu Tieu Chi Nhan Ha Thuc |
| author_facet | Hon Nhien Le Duong Thai Thuong Thi Nguyen Thi Bang Tam Dao Trung Do Nguyen Doanh Tu Tieu Chi Nhan Ha Thuc |
| author_sort | Hon Nhien Le |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chemical conversion of natural graphite into graphene based nanomaterials is achievable and scalable by designed Hummers’ method. Conventionally, high amount of manganyl compound (Mn2O7 or MnO3+) and explosive risk of thermal runaway in the reaction are still the key concerns of efficiency and safety in the production technology. In this manuscript, reaction mechanism and innovative strategy are applied in the cascade design of graphite oxide synthesis. By optimizing the amounts of reactive chemicals (KMnO4, H2SO4 and water), utilizing exothermic energy (for self-heating reaction and exfoliation) and combining reaction divisions (for control of thermal runaway), the principal issues of safety and efficiency are improved for simple and practical preparation of graphene oxide nanomaterials. The cascade synthesis occurs in just 8 h without external supply of thermal energy, producing solid yield of more than 130%wt. Obtained graphene oxide nanosheets have good colloidal property, uniform decoration of functional groups, appropriate C/O atomic ratio of 1.62 and optoelectronic band gap energy of 3.33 eV. Characterization of graphene oxide membranes showed elemental oxygen mapping, C/O atomic ratio of 2.12, ultimate tensile strength of 59.17 MPa and strong elastic modulus of 10.123 GPa. Hydrogel of partially reduced graphene oxide was prepared and analyzed, revealing the C/O atomic ratio of 2.63 and band gap energy of 2.88 eV. The technological improvements open a safe and efficient route of graphene oxide production for scientific and industrial purposes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:09:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-831b4b9f9b794be6b194b38314df11b6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T04:09:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj.art-831b4b9f9b794be6b194b38314df11b62023-06-21T06:56:34ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542023-05-012444404453Improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technologyHon Nhien Le0Duong Thai1Thuong Thi Nguyen2Thi Bang Tam Dao3Trung Do Nguyen4Doanh Tu Tieu5Chi Nhan Ha Thuc6Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet NamR&D Center, Saigon High-Tech Park, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet NamVietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet NamFaculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet NamFaculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet NamR&D Center, Saigon High-Tech Park, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet NamFaculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam; Corresponding author. Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam.Chemical conversion of natural graphite into graphene based nanomaterials is achievable and scalable by designed Hummers’ method. Conventionally, high amount of manganyl compound (Mn2O7 or MnO3+) and explosive risk of thermal runaway in the reaction are still the key concerns of efficiency and safety in the production technology. In this manuscript, reaction mechanism and innovative strategy are applied in the cascade design of graphite oxide synthesis. By optimizing the amounts of reactive chemicals (KMnO4, H2SO4 and water), utilizing exothermic energy (for self-heating reaction and exfoliation) and combining reaction divisions (for control of thermal runaway), the principal issues of safety and efficiency are improved for simple and practical preparation of graphene oxide nanomaterials. The cascade synthesis occurs in just 8 h without external supply of thermal energy, producing solid yield of more than 130%wt. Obtained graphene oxide nanosheets have good colloidal property, uniform decoration of functional groups, appropriate C/O atomic ratio of 1.62 and optoelectronic band gap energy of 3.33 eV. Characterization of graphene oxide membranes showed elemental oxygen mapping, C/O atomic ratio of 2.12, ultimate tensile strength of 59.17 MPa and strong elastic modulus of 10.123 GPa. Hydrogel of partially reduced graphene oxide was prepared and analyzed, revealing the C/O atomic ratio of 2.63 and band gap energy of 2.88 eV. The technological improvements open a safe and efficient route of graphene oxide production for scientific and industrial purposes.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423007445Graphene oxideExothermic energyThermal runawayReaction mechanismGraphene oxide membrane |
| spellingShingle | Hon Nhien Le Duong Thai Thuong Thi Nguyen Thi Bang Tam Dao Trung Do Nguyen Doanh Tu Tieu Chi Nhan Ha Thuc Improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technology Journal of Materials Research and Technology Graphene oxide Exothermic energy Thermal runaway Reaction mechanism Graphene oxide membrane |
| title | Improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technology |
| title_full | Improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technology |
| title_fullStr | Improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technology |
| title_short | Improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technology |
| title_sort | improving safety and efficiency in graphene oxide production technology |
| topic | Graphene oxide Exothermic energy Thermal runaway Reaction mechanism Graphene oxide membrane |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423007445 |
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