Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton Field
In this study, the impacts of groundwater level on nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the vadose zone of a cotton field were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a cotton field at the CAS Ecological Agricultural Experiment Station in Nanpi from 2008 to 2010. A vertical observation well was dril...
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MDPI AG
2017-02-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/9/3/171 |
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| author | Xiyun Jiao Arkin Maimaitiyiming Mohamed Khaled Salahou Kaihua Liu Weihua Guo |
| author_facet | Xiyun Jiao Arkin Maimaitiyiming Mohamed Khaled Salahou Kaihua Liu Weihua Guo |
| author_sort | Xiyun Jiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the impacts of groundwater level on nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the vadose zone of a cotton field were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a cotton field at the CAS Ecological Agricultural Experiment Station in Nanpi from 2008 to 2010. A vertical observation well was drilled, and time-domain reflectometry probes and soil solution extractors were installed every 50 cm in the walls of the well to a depth of 5 m. The soil water content was monitored, and soil solution samples were obtained and analyzed every six days throughout the growing seasons during the three studied years. Additionally, a water consumption experiment was conducted, and the topsoil water content and leaf area index were measured in the cotton field. The resulting data were used to estimate parameters for use in a soil hydraulic and nitrate nitrogen movement model, and cotton evapotranspiration was calculated using the Penman–Monteith method. Groundwater level increases and decreases of ±4 m were simulated during a ten-year period using HYDRUS-1D. The results showed significant nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the vadose zone when the groundwater level remained unchanged or decreased, with increased accumulation as the groundwater depth increased. Additionally, increased precipitation and a deeper groundwater level resulted in greater nitrate nitrogen leaching in the cotton root zone. Therefore, irrigation and fertilization strategies should be adjusted based on precipitation conditions and groundwater depth. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-8324970147834582ad0398fd5669f867 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:26:55Z |
| publishDate | 2017-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-8324970147834582ad0398fd5669f8672022-12-22T03:46:15ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412017-02-019317110.3390/w9030171w9030171Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton FieldXiyun Jiao0Arkin Maimaitiyiming1Mohamed Khaled Salahou2Kaihua Liu3Weihua Guo4State Key Laboratory of Hydrology–Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydrology–Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydrology–Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Hydrology–Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaCollege of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, ChinaIn this study, the impacts of groundwater level on nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the vadose zone of a cotton field were investigated. Experiments were conducted in a cotton field at the CAS Ecological Agricultural Experiment Station in Nanpi from 2008 to 2010. A vertical observation well was drilled, and time-domain reflectometry probes and soil solution extractors were installed every 50 cm in the walls of the well to a depth of 5 m. The soil water content was monitored, and soil solution samples were obtained and analyzed every six days throughout the growing seasons during the three studied years. Additionally, a water consumption experiment was conducted, and the topsoil water content and leaf area index were measured in the cotton field. The resulting data were used to estimate parameters for use in a soil hydraulic and nitrate nitrogen movement model, and cotton evapotranspiration was calculated using the Penman–Monteith method. Groundwater level increases and decreases of ±4 m were simulated during a ten-year period using HYDRUS-1D. The results showed significant nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the vadose zone when the groundwater level remained unchanged or decreased, with increased accumulation as the groundwater depth increased. Additionally, increased precipitation and a deeper groundwater level resulted in greater nitrate nitrogen leaching in the cotton root zone. Therefore, irrigation and fertilization strategies should be adjusted based on precipitation conditions and groundwater depth.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/9/3/171groundwater depthvadose zonenitrate nitrogenaccumulationsituation-based simulation |
| spellingShingle | Xiyun Jiao Arkin Maimaitiyiming Mohamed Khaled Salahou Kaihua Liu Weihua Guo Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton Field Water groundwater depth vadose zone nitrate nitrogen accumulation situation-based simulation |
| title | Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton Field |
| title_full | Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton Field |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton Field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton Field |
| title_short | Impact of Groundwater Level on Nitrate Nitrogen Accumulation in the Vadose Zone Beneath a Cotton Field |
| title_sort | impact of groundwater level on nitrate nitrogen accumulation in the vadose zone beneath a cotton field |
| topic | groundwater depth vadose zone nitrate nitrogen accumulation situation-based simulation |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/9/3/171 |
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