Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt Stress
Cowpea is the main subsistence crop—protein source—for the Brazilian semi-arid region. The use of salt-stress-tolerant varieties can improve crop yields. We evaluated the effect of irrigation with brackish water on the growth, photosynthetic responses, production, and tolerance of fifteen traditiona...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| author | Saulo Samuel Carneiro Praxedes Miguel Ferreira Neto Aline Torquato Loiola Fernanda Jessica Queiroz Santos Bianca Fernandes Umbelino Luderlândio de Andrade Silva Rômulo Carantino Lucena Moreira Alberto Soares de Melo Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda Pedro Dantas Fernandes Nildo da Silva Dias Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá |
| author_facet | Saulo Samuel Carneiro Praxedes Miguel Ferreira Neto Aline Torquato Loiola Fernanda Jessica Queiroz Santos Bianca Fernandes Umbelino Luderlândio de Andrade Silva Rômulo Carantino Lucena Moreira Alberto Soares de Melo Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda Pedro Dantas Fernandes Nildo da Silva Dias Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá |
| author_sort | Saulo Samuel Carneiro Praxedes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cowpea is the main subsistence crop—protein source—for the Brazilian semi-arid region. The use of salt-stress-tolerant varieties can improve crop yields. We evaluated the effect of irrigation with brackish water on the growth, photosynthetic responses, production, and tolerance of fifteen traditional varieties of cowpea. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, in a 15 × 2 factorial scheme, composed of 15 traditional varieties of cowpea and two salinity levels of irrigation water (0.5 and 4.5 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), with five replicates. Plants were grown in pots containing 10 dm<sup>3</sup> of soil for 80 days. The reduction in the photosynthetic rate of cowpea varieties occurs mainly due to the decrease in stomatal conductance caused by salt stress. Salt stress increased the electron transport rate and photochemical quenching of cowpea varieties, but stress-tolerant varieties increased the CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation rate and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. The Ceará, Costela de Vaca, Pingo de Ouro, Ovo de Peru, and Sempre Verde varieties are tolerant to salt stress. Salt stress decreases 26% of the production of tolerant varieties to salt stress and 54% of susceptible varieties. The present findings show the existence of variability for saline stress tolerance in traditional varieties of cowpea and that Ceará, Costela de Vaca, Pingo de Ouro, and Ovo de Peru varieties are more suitable for crops irrigated with saline water. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:13:32Z |
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| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:13:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-8326e16b80ac47f3a8f734ca1770411a2023-12-01T22:35:57ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-07-011114186310.3390/plants11141863Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt StressSaulo Samuel Carneiro Praxedes0Miguel Ferreira Neto1Aline Torquato Loiola2Fernanda Jessica Queiroz Santos3Bianca Fernandes Umbelino4Luderlândio de Andrade Silva5Rômulo Carantino Lucena Moreira6Alberto Soares de Melo7Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda8Pedro Dantas Fernandes9Nildo da Silva Dias10Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá11Department of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, BrazilDepartment of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, BrazilDepartment of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, BrazilDepartment of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, BrazilDepartment of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, BrazilCenter of Technology and Natural Resources, Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG, Campina Grande 58428-830, BrazilCenter of Technology and Natural Resources, Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG, Campina Grande 58428-830, BrazilDepartment of Biology, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande 58429-500, BrazilDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-593, BrazilCenter of Technology and Natural Resources, Federal University of Campina Grande—UFCG, Campina Grande 58428-830, BrazilDepartment of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, BrazilDepartment of Agronomic and Forest Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid—UFERSA, Mossoró 59625-900, BrazilCowpea is the main subsistence crop—protein source—for the Brazilian semi-arid region. The use of salt-stress-tolerant varieties can improve crop yields. We evaluated the effect of irrigation with brackish water on the growth, photosynthetic responses, production, and tolerance of fifteen traditional varieties of cowpea. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks, in a 15 × 2 factorial scheme, composed of 15 traditional varieties of cowpea and two salinity levels of irrigation water (0.5 and 4.5 dS m<sup>−1</sup>), with five replicates. Plants were grown in pots containing 10 dm<sup>3</sup> of soil for 80 days. The reduction in the photosynthetic rate of cowpea varieties occurs mainly due to the decrease in stomatal conductance caused by salt stress. Salt stress increased the electron transport rate and photochemical quenching of cowpea varieties, but stress-tolerant varieties increased the CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation rate and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. The Ceará, Costela de Vaca, Pingo de Ouro, Ovo de Peru, and Sempre Verde varieties are tolerant to salt stress. Salt stress decreases 26% of the production of tolerant varieties to salt stress and 54% of susceptible varieties. The present findings show the existence of variability for saline stress tolerance in traditional varieties of cowpea and that Ceará, Costela de Vaca, Pingo de Ouro, and Ovo de Peru varieties are more suitable for crops irrigated with saline water.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/14/1863<i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp.salinitygas exchangephotochemical efficiencyphotochemical quenchingyield |
| spellingShingle | Saulo Samuel Carneiro Praxedes Miguel Ferreira Neto Aline Torquato Loiola Fernanda Jessica Queiroz Santos Bianca Fernandes Umbelino Luderlândio de Andrade Silva Rômulo Carantino Lucena Moreira Alberto Soares de Melo Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda Pedro Dantas Fernandes Nildo da Silva Dias Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt Stress Plants <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp. salinity gas exchange photochemical efficiency photochemical quenching yield |
| title | Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt Stress |
| title_full | Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt Stress |
| title_fullStr | Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt Stress |
| title_short | Photosynthetic Responses, Growth, Production, and Tolerance of Traditional Varieties of Cowpea under Salt Stress |
| title_sort | photosynthetic responses growth production and tolerance of traditional varieties of cowpea under salt stress |
| topic | <i>Vigna unguiculata</i> (L.) Walp. salinity gas exchange photochemical efficiency photochemical quenching yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/14/1863 |
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